Efficient Location Service for a Mobile Sink in Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

By utilizing mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), WSNs can be deployed in more challenging environments that cannot connect with the Internet, such as those that are isolated or dangerous, and can also achieve a balanced energy consumption among sensors which leads to prolonging the network lifetime. However, an additional overhead is required to check the current location of the sink in order for a node to transmit data to the mobile sink, and the size of the overhead is proportional to that of the network. Meanwhile, WSNs composed of solar-powered nodes have recently been actively studied for the perpetual operation of a network. This study addresses both of these research topics simultaneously, and proposes a method to support an efficient location service for a mobile sink utilizing the surplus energy of a solar-powered WSN. In this scheme, nodes that have a sufficient energy budget can constitute rings, and the nodes belonging to these rings (which are called ring nodes) maintain up-to-date location information on the mobile sink node and serve this information to the other sensor nodes. Because each ring node only uses surplus energy to serve location information, this does not affect the performance of a node’s general operations (e.g., sensing, processing, and data delivery). Moreover, because multiple rings can exist simultaneously in the proposed scheme, the overhead for acquiring the position information of the sink can be significantly reduced, and also hardly increases even if the network size becomes larger.

Efficient FEC Scheme for Solar-Powered WSNs Considering Energy and Link-Quality

“…Yoon et al [34] used the surplus energy for data compression to reduce the relaying energy of intermediate nodes. Kang et al [35] enhanced the performance of the routing scheme by maintaining multiple ring structures using the surplus energy to solve the energy imbalance issue near the anchor nodes in mobile-sink WSNs [36]. In this study, the proposed scheme uses the surplus energy to enhance the error recovery rate.…”

Tuft: Tree Based Heuristic Data Dissemination for Mobile Sink Wireless Sensor Networks

“…Where E elec (the energy dissipated to run the node's transmitter or receiver circuitry), ε f s & ε mp (amplifier energy) are constants, and d * is the Threshold Distance acquired from (6). Hence, the energy consumed to transmit and receive a data packet of size k in each hop hop(i, j) of the path P n b ns can be expressed in (9).…”

“…Mobilized soldiers carry mobile sinks that constantly receive sensory data acquired by sensor nodes detecting enemy troops movement [8]. Moreover, mobile sinks can also help connect network nodes that are deployed in isolated environments [9].…”

Solar-CTP: An Enhanced CTP for Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

“…Yang et al [22] improved the data reliability by using surplus energy through an energy threshold model based on the energy-harvesting and consumption rates. Kang et al [23] proposed a method to support an efficient location service for a mobile sink by utilizing the surplus energy of solar-powered WSNs. Herrería-Alonso et al [24] proposed a novel energy prediction model that makes use of the altitude angle of the sun at different times of day to predict future solar energy availability.…”