Efficient, metal-free production of succinic acid by oxidation of biomass-derived levulinic acid with hydrogen peroxide

Dutta, Saikat; Wu, Linglin; Mascal, Mark

doi:10.1039/c5gc00098j

Cited by 79 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Higher yields are achieved at temperatures of approximately 150-180 8C. The effect and efficiency of different mineral acids during the oxidation of levulinic acid to succinic acid has been studied by Mascal et al [144] The reaction with H 2 O 2 in aqueous sulfuric acid gives am ixture of succinic acid( 48 %) as the main product with acetic acid, formic acid, methanol, and other byproducts. The isolation of succinic acid is mentioned as the main problem of the process as ar esult of the process used to recycle sulfuric acid, which significantly increases the energy cost of the reaction.…”

Section: Succinicacidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass

2016

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Levulinic acid is a sustainable platform molecule that can be upgraded to valuable chemicals and fuel additives. This article focuses on the catalytic upgrading of levulinic acid into various chemicals such as levulinate esters, δ-aminolevulinic acid, succinic acid, diphenolic acid, γ-valerolactone, and γ-valerolactone derivatives such valeric esters, 5-nonanone, α-methylene-γ valerolactone, and other various molecular-weight alkanes (C9 and C18-C27 olefins).

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Section: Succinicacidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass

2016

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“…Levulinic acid is considered to be a versatile biobased building block to be further converted in solvents, plasticizers, fuels, value-added chemicals, monomers for polymers, etc. [1,[45][46][47][48][49][50]. Examples of important chemicals from LA and their potential applications are showed in Figure 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Frontiers in the Catalytic Synthesis of Levulinic Acid: From Sugars to Raw and Waste Biomass as Starting Feedstock

et al. 2016

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Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the top bio-based platform molecules that can be converted into many valuable chemicals. It can be produced by acid catalysis from renewable resources, such as sugars, lignocellulosic biomass and waste materials, attractive candidates due to their abundance and environmentally benign nature. The LA transition from niche product to mass-produced chemical, however, requires its production from sustainable biomass feedstocks at low costs, adopting environment-friendly techniques. This review is an up-to-date discussion of the literature on the several catalytic systems that have been developed to produce LA from the different substrates. Special attention has been paid to the recent advancements on starting materials, moving from simple sugars to raw and waste biomasses. This aspect is of paramount importance from a sustainability point of view, transforming wastes needing to be disposed into starting materials for value-added products. This review also discusses the strategies to exploit the solid residues always obtained in the LA production processes, in order to attain a circular economy approach.

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“…Nonetheless, compound 13 is likely produced from the lactonization of a C7 molecule (reaction f in Scheme S1), indicating that although lactonization is feasible, the confining effects of the zeolite pores may limit this pathway for larger molecules. 34 Metal oxides with Brønsted basicity typically employed for aldol reactions, including MgO and hydrotalcite, 35 show EP conversions of less than 13% and selectivities of less than 18% (Table S1, entries [8][9][10][11][12]. In these systems, pyruvic acid produced by the hydrolysis of EP is expected to deactivate the basic sites.…”

Section: Scheme 1 Self-aldol Condensation Of Ethyl Pyruvate Catalyzementioning

confidence: 98%

Synthesis of Itaconic Acid Ester Analogues via Self-Aldol Condensation of Ethyl Pyruvate Catalyzed by Hafnium BEA Zeolites

2016

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Lewis acidic zeolites are used to synthesize unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters via aldol condensation of keto esters. Hafnium-containing BEA (Hf-BEA) zeolites catalyze the condensation of ethyl pyruvate into diethyl 2-methyl-4-oxopent-2-enedioate and diethyl 2-methylene-4-oxopentanedioate (an itaconic acid ester analogue) with a selectivity of ca. 80% at ca. 60% conversion in a packed-bed reactor. The catalyst is stable for 132 h on stream, reaching a turnover number of 5110 molEP molHf –1. Analysis of the dynamic behavior of Hf-BEA under flow conditions and studies with Na-exchanged zeolites suggest that Hf(IV) open sites possess dual functionality for Lewis and Brønsted acid catalysis.

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Efficient, metal-free production of succinic acid by oxidation of biomass-derived levulinic acid with hydrogen peroxide

Abstract: A simple, non-fermentative, high-yielding, metal-free, chemical-catalytic pathway to succinic acid from biomass-derived levulinic acid is reported.

Cited by 79 publications

References 25 publications

Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass

Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass

New Frontiers in the Catalytic Synthesis of Levulinic Acid: From Sugars to Raw and Waste Biomass as Starting Feedstock

Synthesis of Itaconic Acid Ester Analogues via Self-Aldol Condensation of Ethyl Pyruvate Catalyzed by Hafnium BEA Zeolites

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