Efficient movement strategies mitigate the energetic cost of dispersal

Klarevas‐Irby, James A.; Wikelski, Martin; Farine, Dan

doi:10.1111/ele.13763

Cited by 34 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Both lions spent considerable time outside the protected areas to the north of Hwange NP and the south of Chizarira NP, corroborating a previous analysis of human–lion conflict risk (Cushman et al, 2018). The distinct movement behaviours during transience (travelling further and straighter) may reduce the costs of large displacements and are consistent with other studies (Elliot et al, 2014; Klarevas‐Irby et al, 2021). While we have no evidence of additional lion movement between these two areas, these are potentially not unique events given the small proportion of dispersing lions collared in the two areas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Long‐distance African lion dispersal between two protected areas

et al. 2021

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Long‐distance African lion dispersal between two protected areas

et al. 2021

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“…obs .) due to a strong female bias in dispersal (Klarevas‐Irby et al, 2021). Relatedness also appears to play an important role in mammalian MLSs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperative breeding and the emergence of multilevel societies in birds

et al. 2022

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Multilevel societies (MLSs), where social levels are hierarchically nested within each other, are considered one of the most complex forms of animal societies. Although thought to mainly occurs in mammals, it is suggested that MLSs could be under‐detected in birds. Here, we propose that the emergence of MLSs could be common in cooperatively breeding birds, as both systems are favoured by similar ecological and social drivers. We first investigate this proposition by systematically comparing evidence for multilevel social structure in cooperative and non‐cooperative birds in Australia and New Zealand, a global hotspot for cooperative breeding. We then analyse non‐breeding social networks of cooperatively breeding superb fairy‐wrens (Malurus cyaneus) to reveal their structured multilevel society, with three hierarchical social levels that are stable across years. Our results confirm recent predictions that MLSs are likely to be widespread in birds and suggest that these societies could be particularly common in cooperatively breeding birds.

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“…However, travelling itself requires energy [63] and imposes higher risk of hyperthermia and dehydration, especially during drought. Recent work on vulturine guineafowl demonstrated that dispersing subadults moved substantially more efficiently during transience, thereby achieving much larger daily displacements with little effects on their energy budget [64]. Changes in individual physiology (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality impacts collective movements in a wild group-living bird

et al. 2021

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Background A challenge faced by animals living in groups with stable long-term membership is to effectively coordinate their actions and maintain cohesion. However, as seasonal conditions alter the distribution of resources across a landscape, they can change the priority of group members and require groups to adapt and respond collectively across changing contexts. Little is known about how stable group-living animals collectively modify their movement behaviour in response to environment changes, such as those induced by seasonality. Further, it remains unclear how environment-induced changes in group-level movement behaviours might scale up to affect population-level properties, such as a population’s footprint. Methods Here we studied the collective movement of each distinct social group in a population of vulturine guineafowl (Acryllium vulturinum), a largely terrestrial and non-territorial bird. We used high-resolution GPS tracking of group members over 22 months, combined with continuous time movement models, to capture how and where groups moved under varying conditions, driven by seasonality and drought. Results Groups used larger areas, travelled longer distances, and moved to new places more often during drier seasons, causing a three-fold increase in the area used at the population level when conditions turned to drought. By contrast, groups used smaller areas with more regular movements during wetter seasons. Conclusions The consistent changes in collective outcomes we observed in response to different environments raise questions about the role of collective behaviour in facilitating, or impeding, the capacity for individuals to respond to novel environmental conditions. As droughts will be occurring more often under climate change, some group living animals may have to respond to them by expressing dramatic shifts in their regular movement patterns. These shifts can have consequences on their ranging behaviours that can scale up to alter the footprints of animal populations.

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Efficient movement strategies mitigate the energetic cost of dispersal

Cited by 34 publications

References 50 publications

Long‐distance African lion dispersal between two protected areas

Long‐distance African lion dispersal between two protected areas

Cooperative breeding and the emergence of multilevel societies in birds

Seasonality impacts collective movements in a wild group-living bird

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