Efficient PD Monitoring of HV Electrical Systems Using HFCT Sensors

Álvarez, F.; Arcones, Eduardo; Garnacho, Fernando; Ramirez, A. R.; Ortego, Javier

doi:10.1109/ichve.2018.8642229

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These requirements have been considered to design the tests to be implemented in the synthetic PD calibrator. Measurements in real time (1) are needed for continuous PD monitoring in HVDC systems because PD pulses appear mainly during voltage changes, such as voltage polarity reversals and temporary or transient over-voltages as switching and lightning surges.…”

Section: S N S N+1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An inverse double exponential (IDE) function (1) with known α and β parameters and slope zero in its origin can be used to emulate actual PD pulses with arbitrary time parameters T 1 /T 2 . In Figure 3, some different PD pulse waveforms are shown with their associated α and β parameters: (a) a reference PD pulse showing the definition of the time parameters T 1 /T 2 , (b) an asymmetric PD pulse with short front time, (c) an asymmetric PD pulse with a long front time, and (d) a symmetric PD pulse.…”

Section: Pd Pulse Waveforms Generated By Insulation Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PD monitoring using HFCT sensors has proven to be efficient to prevent insulation defects in HVAC cable systems [1,2]. Insulation defects in cable systems, air insulation substations (AIS), gas insulated substations (GIS) or lines (GIL), power transformers, HVDC converters, etc., can cause catastrophic consequences, such as blackouts with important incidences of lost profits, dangerous explosions, destructive fires, which can be avoided For today's insulated transmission cables with lengths of hundreds of km, only HVDC cable systems are used [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Synthetic Partial Discharge Calibrator for Qualification of Partial Discharge Analyzers for Insulation Diagnosis of HVDC and HVAC Grids

Khamlichi

Garnacho

Simón

2023

Sensors

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A synthetic partial discharge (PD) calibrator has been developed to qualify PD analyzers used for insulation diagnosis of HVAC and HVDC grids including cable systems, AIS, GIS, GIL, power transformers, and HVDC converters. PD analyzers that use high-frequency current transformers (HFCT) can be qualified by means of the metrological and diagnosis tests arranged in this calibrator. This synthetic PD calibrator can reproduce PD pulse trains of the same sequence as actual representative defects (cavity, surface, floating potential, corona, SF6 protrusion, SF6 jumping particles, bubbles in oil, etc.) acquired in HV equipment in service or by means of measurements made in HV laboratory test cells. The diagnostic capabilities and PD measurement errors of the PD analyzers using HFCT sensors can be determined. A new time parameter, “PD Time”, associated with any arbitrary PD current pulse i(t) is introduced for calibration purposes. It is defined as the equivalent width of a rectangular PD pulse with the same charge value and amplitude as the actual PD current pulse. The synthetic PD calibrator consists of a pulse generator that operates on a current loop matched to 50 Ω impedance to avoid unwanted reflections. The injected current is measured by a reference measurement system built into the PD calibrator that uses two HFCT sensors to ensure that the current signal is the same at the input and output of the calibration cage where the HFCT of the PD analyzer is being calibrated. Signal reconstruction of the HFCT output signal to achieve the input signal is achieved by applying state variable theory using the transfer impedance of the HFCT sensor in the frequency domain.

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Section: S N S N+1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pd Pulse Waveforms Generated By Insulation Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

New Synthetic Partial Discharge Calibrator for Qualification of Partial Discharge Analyzers for Insulation Diagnosis of HVDC and HVAC Grids

Khamlichi

Garnacho

Simón

2023

Sensors

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“…To appropriately detect PD activity and perform accurate diagnosis, various measuring applications based on electromagnetic methods have been and continue to be developed [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. These applications usually have specific functionalities, such as background noise filters to improve the sensitivity and PD source discrimination, as well as location and defect identification tools [ 3 , 4 , 13 , 14 ]. They also have the capacity to generate assisted or automatic alarms when a critical defect is identified [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the benefits of using a particular functionality are presented, complex laboratory setups with artificial defects in a certain asset or in test cells are usually used [ 4 , 6 , 14 ]. On other occasions, for this purpose, on-site case studies in real installations have been presented [ 3 , 7 , 11 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale Modular Test Platform for the Characterization of PD Measuring Systems Using HFCT Sensors

Arcones,

Álvarez,

Khamlichi

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Today, online partial discharge (PD) measurements are common practice to assess the condition status of dielectrics in high-voltage (HV) electrical grids. However, when online PD measurements are carried out in electrical facilities, several disadvantages must be considered. Among the most important are high levels of changing electrical noise and interferences, signal phase couplings (cross-talk phenomena), and the simultaneous presence of various defects and difficulties in localizing and identifying them. In the last few decades, various PD-measuring systems have been developed to deal with these inconveniences and try to achieve the adequate supervision of electrical installations. In the state of the art, one of the main problems that electrical companies and technology developers face is the difficulty in characterizing the measuring system’s functionalities in laboratory setups or in real-world facilities, where simulated or real defects must be detected. This is mainly due to the complexity and costs that the laboratory setups entail and the fact that the facilities are permanently in service. Furthermore, in the latter scenario, owners cannot assign facilities to carry out the tests, which could cause irreversible damage. Additionally, with the aforementioned installations, a comparison of results over time in various locations is not possible, and noise conditions cannot be controlled to perform the characterizations in a correct way. To deal with the problems indicated, in this article, an affordable scale modular test platform that simulates an HV installation is presented, where real on-site PD measuring conditions are simulated and controlled. In this first development, the HV installation comprises a cable system connected at both ends to a gas-insulated substation (GIS). As the most common acquisition technique in online applications is based on the placement of high-frequency current transformer (HFCT) sensors in the grounding cables of facilities, the test platform is mainly adapted to carry out measurements with this type of sensor. The designed and developed test platform was validated to assess its features and the degree of convergence with a real installation, showing the convenience of its use for the appropriate and standardized characterization of PD-measuring systems.

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Efficient PD Monitoring of HV Electrical Systems Using HFCT Sensors

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

New Synthetic Partial Discharge Calibrator for Qualification of Partial Discharge Analyzers for Insulation Diagnosis of HVDC and HVAC Grids

New Synthetic Partial Discharge Calibrator for Qualification of Partial Discharge Analyzers for Insulation Diagnosis of HVDC and HVAC Grids

Scale Modular Test Platform for the Characterization of PD Measuring Systems Using HFCT Sensors

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