Efficient Physical-Layer Secret Key Generation and Authentication Schemes Based on Wireless Channel-Phase

Abstract

Exploiting the inherent physical properties of wireless channels to complement or enhance the traditional security mechanisms has attracted prominent attention recently. However, the existing secret key generation schemes suffer from miscellaneous extracting procedure. Many PHY-layer authentication schemes assume that the knowledge of the shared key is preknown. In this paper, we propose PHY-layer secret key generation and authentication schemes for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In the secret key generation scheme, to simplify the extracting procedure, only one legitimate party is chosen to probe the channel and quantize the measurements to obtain the preliminary key. The preliminary key is masked by the channel-phase after the mapping and before equalization and distributed to the other party. The final shared key is used for the PHY-layer authentication scheme in which random signals and the shared key masked by the channel-phase are exchanged at the PHY-layer. Then, a binary hypothesis test is formulated for authentication. Simulation results show that the proposed secret key generation scheme outperforms the existing schemes. For the PHY-layer authentication scheme, it is immune to various passive and active attacks and a high successful authentication rate is acquired even at low signal-to-noise ratio region.

An Efficient Key Generation for the Internet of Things Based Synchronized Quantization

“…The other studies use a key generation system consisting of four phases [40,41,42]. These phases include the measurement of channel characteristics, quantization, error-correcting, and privacy amplification.…”

Efficient physical layer key generation technique in wireless communications

“…In contrast, time-varying reflects the changes in the channel state and affects the efficiency of key generation. The physical layer information measurement of the wireless channel can be collected using the channel state information (CSI) [5][6][7][8][9], received signal strength (RSS) [10][11][12][13][14][15], or phase [16][17][18]. Compared with the CSI and phase, the RSSbased key generation mechanism can be directly applied to the off-the-shelf wireless devices without any hardware modification.…”

Optimal Singular Value Decomposition Based Pre-coding for Secret Key Extraction from Correlated Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Sub-channels

“…This setting is configured between them by considering the demands of the system and the user interface. In literature, the key generation method is separated into four stages including the channel probing, quantization, information reconciliation and privacy amplification [4][5][6].…”