Efficient Rasterization for Outdoor Radio Wave Propagation

Schmitz, Arne; Rick, Tobias; Karolski, Thomas; Kuhlen, Thorsten; Kobbelt, Leif

doi:10.1109/tvcg.2010.96

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Typical wave effects like edge diffraction are added to the model. This approximation still delivers quite precise results as shown by Maurer [6], Moser et al [7] and Schmitz et al [11,12,13].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 63%

Deterministic Models of the Physical Layer through Signal Simulation

Maier¹,

Moser²,

Slomka³

2015

Proceedings of the Eighth EAI International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques

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Current wireless network simulators provide very detailed and deterministic models of the network protocol layers, whereas rather simple and stochastic models, based on the signal-to-noise ratio, are used for the simulation of the physical layer. Although this approach can be sufficient to study the behavior of different upper layer protocol variations, it prevents an easy alteration of the physical layer because a stochastic abstraction of the physical layer must be provided in advance. In particular, the simulation of distributed systems with physical layers that are designed to have several senders transmitting signals at the same time intentionally, is hardly possible with current approaches. A further problem of stochastic physical layer simulations is the fact that the radio channel's influence must also be carried out stochastically, which limits the advantage of accurate rayoptical channel models. We present a novel approach for the accurate simulation of the physical layer by utilizing existing software-defined radio implementations to create signals, to calculate interference and to decode signals. This technique enables us to simulate wireless networks holistically and, furthermore, we can fully exploit the possibilities of available ray-optical channel models.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 63%

Deterministic Models of the Physical Layer through Signal Simulation

Maier¹,

Moser²,

Slomka³

2015

Proceedings of the Eighth EAI International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques

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“…The concept of a reception sphere is usually needed to detect rays passing by the receivers [16], [17]. The algorithms from this group refer to the principle as ray launching [18], ray shooting and bouncing (SBR) [19], pincushion method [20] or more elaborated ray-tube [21] and beam tracing [22], the latter aggregating rays to reduce computational complexity and effectively converging to the second approach, known as the method of images [23]. Hybrid methods [24] and Gaussian beam tracking [25] are building on the further improvements of image theory.…”

Section: B Geometrical Opticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viability of Numerical Full-Wave Techniques in Telecommunication Channel Modelling

Novak

2020

J. commun. softw. syst. (Online)

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In telecommunication channel modelling the wavelength is small compared to the physical features of interest, therefore deterministic ray tracing techniques provide solutions that are more efficient, faster and still within time constraints than current numerical full-wave techniques. Solving fundamental Maxwell's equations is at the core of computational electrodynamics and best suited for modelling electrical field interactions with physical objects where characteristic dimensions of a computing domain is on the order of a few wavelengths in size. However, extreme communication speeds, wireless access points closer to the user and smaller pico and femto cells will require increased accuracy in predicting and planning wireless signals, testing the accuracy limits of the ray tracing methods. The increased computing capabilities and the demand for better characterization of communication channels that span smaller geographical areas make numerical full-wave techniques attractive alternative even for larger problems. The paper surveys ways of overcoming excessive time requirements of numerical full-wave techniques while providing acceptable channel modelling accuracy for the smallest radio cells and possibly wider. We identify several research paths that could lead to improved channel modelling, including numerical algorithm adaptations for large-scale problems, alternative finite-difference approaches, such as meshless methods, and dedicated parallel hardware, possibly as a realization of a dataflow machine.

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“…The algorithms from this group refer to the principle as ray launching [12], pincushion method [13], or ray shooting and bouncing (SBR) [14], which is also a designation used in this article. The second approach aggregates traced rays as ray tubes [15] or beams [16] in order to reduce computational complexity. Finally, the third RF ray-tracing approach [17] goes the furthest by using entire scene surfaces as ray aggregation units.…”

Section: Rf Ray-tracingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of range-based indoor tracking algorithms by merging simulation and measurements

Bregar

Novak

Mohorčič

2019

J Wireless Com Network

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Precise location information will play an important role in 5G networks, their applications and services, especially in indoor environments. Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology offers exceptional temporal resolution enabling the emergence of high accuracy ranging-based indoor localization systems. In order to reduce time to market, developers need a reliable, fast and efficient method to evaluate localization and tracking system designs in the selected high-dimensional parameter space. Purely measurement-based performance evaluation of such systems is costly and cumbersome, so we propose the use of a radio frequency (RF) ray-tracing simulator augmented with a noise model based on measurements with localization equipment in real environment. We demonstrate the proposed approach by evaluating the UWB-based two-way-ranging (TWR) localization with the least squares (LS) and with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) tracking algorithms. We analyze the degradation of tracking performance due to time spreading of range measurements. Moreover, on a set of fixed locations we also show that the proposed approach is sufficiently representative for the pure measurement-based evaluation. The results obtained in a reference office environment show that EKF algorithm is twice as efficient and more resilient to the effects of time spreading of range measurements as LS algorithm.

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Efficient Rasterization for Outdoor Radio Wave Propagation

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Deterministic Models of the Physical Layer through Signal Simulation

Deterministic Models of the Physical Layer through Signal Simulation

Viability of Numerical Full-Wave Techniques in Telecommunication Channel Modelling

Evaluation of range-based indoor tracking algorithms by merging simulation and measurements

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