Efficient Recovery of Lignin and Hemicelluloses from Kraft Black Liquor

Sharma, Manorma; Simões, André; Alves, Patrícia; Ferreira, L.M.

doi:10.18502/kms.v7i1.11602

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Analysis results for the chemical composition of the recovered lignin samples can be seen in Figure 3 . In general, the purity value for the alkaline CS lignin specimens was found to not exceed 55%, which correlates with other reported data such as those of Manorma et al [ 76 ]. This was a result of the chosen separation procedure that involved pH reduction to a value of 4.5.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

The Potential Valorization of Corn Stalks by Alkaline Sequential Fractionation to Obtain Papermaking Fibers, Hemicelluloses, and Lignin—A Comprehensive Mass Balance Approach

Puițel,

Bălușescu,

Balan

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The current study deals with an examination of strategies for the sequential treatment of corn stalks (CSs) in an integrated manner aiming to obtain papermaking fibers and to recover both lignin and hemicelluloses (HCs). Several pathways of valorization were experimentally trialed, focusing on getting information from mass balance analysis in an attempt to reveal the potential outcomes in terms of pulp yield, chemical composition, and papermaking properties such as tensile and burst strength. The raw lignin amounts and purity as well as separated hemicelluloses were also characterized. In this work, pulp yields in the range of 44–50% were obtained from CSs, while lignin and hemicelluloses yielded maximum values of 10 g/100 g of CS and 6.2 g/100 g of CS, respectively. Other findings of mass balance analysis evidenced that besides the papermaking pulp, the lignin and HCs also have interesting output values. The recovered lignin yield values were shown to be less than 50% in general, meaning that even if 67 to 90% of it is removed from CSs, only about half is recovered. The removal rates of hemicelluloses were found to be in the range of approx. 30 to 60%. About 15 to 25% of the original HCs could be recovered, and polysaccharides-based products with 67 to 75% xylan content could be obtained. Some key opinions were developed regarding how the mass balance could turn as a result of the chosen CS valorization set-up. The determined antioxidant activity showed that both lignin and hemicelluloses had interesting values for IC50.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

The Potential Valorization of Corn Stalks by Alkaline Sequential Fractionation to Obtain Papermaking Fibers, Hemicelluloses, and Lignin—A Comprehensive Mass Balance Approach

Puițel,

Bălușescu,

Balan

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…These can cause high amounts of residual alkali and IC in the OBL [1]. Sharma et al reported a concentrated black liquor IC of 37.10% and an OC of 62.89% [23]. In addition, Hubbe et al reported that the inorganic materials of kraft black liquor were between 30 and 40% [7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, it is important to investigate the lignin properties of different raw material types to valorize lignin for use as environmentally friendly value-added products. Since kraft pulping conditions are a critical factor in lignin properties, commercial lignin samples or isolation of kraft lignin from industrial black solutions are generally used in comparison and characterization studies [10,11,13,[22][23][24][25][26]. In particular, Indulin AT has been commercially produced with acidification systems for many years and is the most researched technical kraft lignin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Comparison of Some Kraft Lignins Isolated from Different Sources

Olgun

Ateş

2023

Forests

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Lignin characteristics are significantly affected by kraft processing and isolation conditions. In the studies carried out in this context, commercial lignins or isolated lignins from industrial black solutions are generally preferred. In this study, in order to conduct more comprehensive research, three lignin samples were isolated from kraft black liquor obtained from laboratory cooking trials of pine, poplar, and wheat straw chips, representing softwoods, hardwoods, and annual plants, respectively, according to efficient pulping studies. In addition, another lignin-containing industrial waste was provided from a pulp mill (OBL). The acidification method was applied for isolating lignin from black liquor samples. After isolating the lignin samples from different sources, they were characterized and compared with the commercially available kraft lignin sample (Indulin AT). Total phenolic groups, carboxyl groups, purity, functional groups, nitrobenzene oxidation products, molecular weight, thermal stability, and element contents were analyzed. The isolated lignin samples (except wheat straw) were as pure as commercial lignin. Since the wheat straw was agricultural waste and an annual plant, inorganic elements such as P, K, and Si were more abundant than in the other samples. However, the polydispersity and molecular weight of all of the isolated lignin samples were higher than those of commercial lignin. Because the ash contents of the lignin samples for pine, poplar, OBL, and indulin AT were between 1 and 3%, they can be used for high-value applications. In particular, despite some disadvantages, wheat straw lignin has greater potential for use in extruders than softwood lignins due to their syringyl content.

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“…[3][4][5] To date, HMC has been isolated from process streams using acidification, antisolvent precipitation, and membrane fractionation. [6][7][8][9][10] Of these methods, membrane and antisolvent precipitation are the most common because of their relative ease and effectiveness. However, membrane techniques can struggle to separate the lignin from the HMC effectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of hemicellulose hydrolysates by antisolvent precipitation in a spinning disc reactor

Carr,

Russo Abegão,

Boodhoo

2024

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The hemicellulose (HMC) fraction of lignocellulosic biomass is a biorenewable precursor for platform molecules such as furfural and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural. However, this fraction is often not valorized. This study presents a novel method to produce high‐purity HMC from industrial HMC hydrolysate streams utilizing antisolvent precipitation in a spinning disc reactor (SDR) for potential application in a biorefinery. Spinning disc reactors are ideal intensified precipitation technologies due to their continuous processing ability, high mixing rates, short residence times, and scalability potential. The effects of three different antisolvents (ethanol, acetone, and ammonium sulfate), disc speed, flow rate, and antisolvent (AS) : solvent (S) mass ratio on the yield, purity, and particle size of sugar precipitates were investigated. Ethanol was the preferred antisolvent, yielding the greatest average recovery of solid precipitate of 32% at a 10:1 AS:S ratio and high sugar purity of more than 97%. Acetone failed to produce a solid precipitate, and ammonium sulfate contaminated the product, rendering both antisolvents unsuitable. The SDR overcame mixing limitations at all hydrodynamic conditions tested so that only the AS:S ratio affected product yield significantly, increasing the ethanol AS:S from 1:1 to 10:1, enhancing average solid recovery from 4 to 32%. Optimal SDR operating conditions were 600 rpm disc rotation speed and 8 mL s−1 total flow rate, maximizing product throughput and minimizing energy consumption, with a residence time less than 1 s. In a continuously operated scaled‐up system, 485 L of HMC hydrolysate could be processed per day, demonstrating the SDR to be a promising method of intensifying HMC recovery at scale in a biorefinery.

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Efficient Recovery of Lignin and Hemicelluloses from Kraft Black Liquor

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

The Potential Valorization of Corn Stalks by Alkaline Sequential Fractionation to Obtain Papermaking Fibers, Hemicelluloses, and Lignin—A Comprehensive Mass Balance Approach

The Potential Valorization of Corn Stalks by Alkaline Sequential Fractionation to Obtain Papermaking Fibers, Hemicelluloses, and Lignin—A Comprehensive Mass Balance Approach

Characterization and Comparison of Some Kraft Lignins Isolated from Different Sources

Purification of hemicellulose hydrolysates by antisolvent precipitation in a spinning disc reactor

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