Efficient removal of dibutyl phthalate from aqueous solutions: recent advances in adsorption and oxidation approaches

The goal of the present work is to create ZnO/NiO nanocomposites (NCs) for the photocatalytic destruction of organic contaminants using the co‐precipitation technique. To investigate physiochemical characteristics, FT‐IR, UV visible spectroscopy, SEM, and XRD were used. The ZnO hexagonal phase and the NiO cubic phase in the ZnO/NiO NCs were verified by the diffraction pattern. NCs were discovered to have larger average crystallite sizes. The bandgap energy calculated from the Tauc plot for the ZnO is 3.02 and 2.74 eV for the ZnO/NiO NC's. SEM analysis revealed the morphological study and particle size was calculated using the histogram technique and found to be 124.5 nm for the ZnO and 49.2 nm for the ZnO/NiO NCs. Photocatalytic degradation in the presence of sunlight showed 72.8% degradation of Methylene blue (MB) for the ZnO and 79.2% for the ZnO/NiO NCs. The increase in the photocatalytic capablity for the NCs is attributed to the synergistic effect between ZnO and NiO which effectively separated charge carriers preventing greater recombination rate. The robustness of ZnO/NiO NCs as a catalyst option was shown by their exceptional performance.

Constructing ZnO/NiO Nanocomposites as a Photocatalyst and Investigating Photocatalytic Effectiveness for Wastewater Treatment

Hassan,

Maryum,

Rauf

et al. 2024

Kinetic and Isothermal Analysis of the Adsorptive Elimination of Direct Yellow 26 Dye Utilizing Activated Bioadsorbent From Textile Effluent

Ahmad,

Nadeem,

Javed

et al. 2024

Due to their widespread usage in recent years, synthetic dyes may be difficult to remove and pose a health concern. Bioadsorbents proved a low‐cost and sustainable method for dye removal. In this study, straight yellow 26 is extracted from textile effluent using sugarcane bagasse. Sugarcane bagasse was treated with propionic acid to enhance the adsorption capability and 0.25 mm particle size was used for further studies which was confirmed by BET analysis. Standard solutions of direct yellow 26 dye were prepared from 10 to 100 ppm concentrations and absorbance was recorded with the help of a UV visible spectrophotometer. After optimizing different parameters (concentration of dye and bioadsorbent dose, pH, time, and particle size), the studies explored that the maximum dye removal percentage was 89% obtained at pH 3, contact time 120 min, particle size 0.25 mm, high adsorbent, and low concentration of dye solution. The kinetic studies were also employed to comprehend the adsorption isotherm and Freundlich isotherm that revealed the pseudo‐first‐order adsorption process.

Sustainable Adsorbent: Activated Carbon From Waste Styrofoam for Efficient Aluminum Removal

Ren,

He,

Liao

et al. 2024

This paper reports on batch investigations utilizing activated carbon (AC) made from waste Styrofoam to adsorb aluminum (Al3+) from aqueous solutions. The AC morphology and structure were examined using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and surface area analysis. The factors affecting the performance of adsorption were thoroughly examined. Al3+ removal was found to be maximal, that is, 98.65% using 0.2 g of AC at 90 min in a solution of pH 5 maintained at 60°C. Using a flame‐mode atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAnalyst 700, PerkinElmer, USA), the quantity of Al3+ in the adsorption solution was measured. For the purpose of studying adsorption, the pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Jovanovich, and Harkins–Jura isotherms were analyzed. The kinetic study shows that the adsorption of Al3+ onto Al3+ is controlled by pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. It was observed that among these models, the Langmuir model showed the most favorable fit for the equilibrium data on the removal of Al3+ onto AC, with a strong fit (R2 = 0.995). The values of thermodynamic parameters such as entropy (ΔS°), Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), and enthalpy (ΔH°) show that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. In Al3+ solutions with low concentrations, the AC exhibited a high adsorption rate. In addition, a check of the error function was performed. To find out if the AC could be utilized again after the adsorption procedure, desorption investigations were carried out. Due to its high adsorption capacity (> 98%) and porous structure, the prepared AC shows significant promise as an alternative adsorbent for Al3+. These findings demonstrate that the AC is both effective and efficient in removing Al3+ from wastewater.