Efficient Resource Allocation for Wireless Multicast

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a bandwidth-efficient multicast mechanism for heterogeneous wireless networks. We reduce the bandwidth cost of an Internet Protocol (IP) multicast tree by adaptively selecting the cell and the wireless technology for each mobile host to join the multicast group. Our mechanism enables more mobile hosts to cluster together and leads to the use of fewer cells to save the scarce wireless bandwidth. Besides, the paths in the multicast tree connecting to the selected cells share more common links to save the wireline bandwidth. Our mechanism supports the dynamic group membership and offers mobility of group members. Moreover, our mechanism requires no modification to the current IP multicast routing protocols. We formulate the selection of the cell and the wireless technology for each mobile host in the heterogeneous wireless networks as an optimization problem. We use Integer Linear Programming to model the problem and show that the problem is NP-hard. To solve the problem, we propose a distributed algorithm based on Lagrangean relaxation and a network protocol based on the algorithm. The simulation results show that our mechanism can effectively save the wireless and wireline bandwidth as compared to the traditional IP multicast.

A Fast Handover Scheme for Multicasting in IPv6 based Mobile Ad hoc Networks

“…In IP-based wireless networks (Krishna et al, 2009a;Pack and Choi, 2003), handover latency is one of the important problems to reduce time period. MIPv6 defines how mobile host can retain its connectivity to the internet, when the node switches between the Access Routers (AR) (Yang and Chen, 2008). There is a possibility of connection switching delay as well as consideration of IP protocol operation, occurring during the handover.…”

“…To overcome these issues, they projected efficient multicast routing protocols which do the operations of protocol, which are attained by message transmissions of FMIPv6. (Costa et al, 2002;Suh et al, 2001;Louvros, 2007) compared different mobility management schemes cited in (Yang and Chen, 2008), which are currently being conferred inside the IETF (Kwon et al, 2008).…”

“…MIPv6 is a protocol developed as a part of IPv6 to maintain mobile connections. In the fast handover mechanism, Mobile-initiated Handover (MH) is linked between mobile node's Previous AR (PAR) (Yang and Chen, 2008) and New AR (NAR) (Yang and Chen, 2008). In FMIPv6 when MH is connected to the NAR, mobile node has to get hold of a new Care of Address (CoA) (Kwon et al, 2008).…”

“…In FMIPv6 when MH is connected to the NAR, mobile node has to get hold of a new Care of Address (CoA) (Kwon et al, 2008). On receipt of new CoA, MH has to send a Binding Update (BU) (Yang and Chen, 2008) message to mobile node's PAR. Now PAR initiates the process of sending packets to the NAR having MH's address.…”

“…L2 information gives the actual location of MH. During handover procedure, Router Solicitation for Proxy (Yang and Chen, 2008) (RSP) message and Proxy Router Advertisement (Yang and Chen, 2008) (PRA) message are channeled from MH to PAR and PAR to MH respectively. After confirming from the NAR about MH information, it will send NAR Handover Initiate (Yang and Chen, 2008) (HI) message to start the bidirectional tunneling process between PAR and NAR.…”