In the face of annual highway construction and highway maintenance projects, traditional road materials and road testing technology are difficult to meet the current highway construction needs. Based on this research background, the article first discusses the three-dimensional ground-penetrating radar nondestructive testing technology, analyzes the detection principle from the fluctuation equation of electromagnetic wave, the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave, and the propagation speed in the medium, and specifically analyzes its detection performance and application in the detection of the thickness of the structural layer. Finally, some sections of the Shanzhan Expressway are chosen as test objects and test experiments are designed and implemented. The test results show that the strength of the road material with water water-reducing agent increases compared to the material without water water-reducing agent. By using red mud instead of cement, road materials can have a relatively high strength. Therefore, using red mud as a substitute for conventional materials is entirely feasible and can save costs. The cracking rate of the highway was reduced by using the “leaching recycled” material, and the small cracks of less than 2mm were basically sealed, while the cracks of more than 2mm were alleviated. There is no water seepage on the pavement at 28 points of the 7 sections tested, so the “leaching regeneration” material has a better waterproof effect on the highway pavement.