Two series of Yb3+ -doped silica glasses (YA and YAP) are fabricated using the sol-gel method, and their spectroscopic properties are investigated. The longest fluorescence lifetime of 0.96 ms is obtained in YAP2 and YAP3 glasses. The emission cross-section (σemi) and σemi × τ of Yb 3+ in the YAP1 glass are 1.00 pm 2 and 0.94 pm 2 ·ms, respectively. Co-doping with Al and P decreases the hydroxyl group content in the glasses because of the reduction in non-bridging oxygen content. The lowest OH content in the YAP3 glass is 9.6 ppm.OCIS codes: 160. 5690, 160.6060, 160.6030, 160.4760. doi: 10.3788/COL201210.081601.Over the last few years, Yb-doped silica glass has attracted increasing interest for high power and short pulse laser applications [1−3] . Yb ions have advantages, such as high efficiency as well as broad absorption and emission bands. The high quantum efficiency of Yb 3+ leads to low thermal loading in laser materials [4] . Theoretically, Yb
3+avoids excited state absorption and upconversion energy transfer because of its simple energy level structure with only two electronic multiplets ( 2 F 5/2 and 2 F 7/2 ). Moreover, Yb ions have long fluorescence lifetimes, which provide the benefit of energy storage. Compared with multi-component glasses, such as phosphate, borate, and gallium glasses that have high emission cross sections [5] , silica glasses have their own advantages, including low thermal expansion coefficient, good high-temperature and thermal shock resistance, high mechanical strength, and stable chemical properties. However, systematic investigations on the optical properties of Yb 3+ -doped silica glasses are few [6,7] . In this letter, silica glass is selected as the matrix for Yb 3+ doping. Most rare-earth-doped silica fiber preforms are well known to be fabricated using the traditional modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) method combined with solution doping [8,9] . However, the MCVD method has its geometrical and rare earth ion doping level limitations [10] , and achieving high Yb-doped silica is difficult [11−13] . The sol-gel process is available for the fabrication of silica glass at low cost and using simple equipment. Different species can be mixed at the molecular scale through the sol-gel process [14] , so that high Yb ion doping in silica and good homogeneity can be achieved. However, high Yb 3+ ion doping produces clusters and defects, which are extremely harmful to emission and laser properties. Co-doping with Al and P can effectively suppress the cluster formations of Yb ions [15] . In this letter, the sol-gel method was used to prepare Yb 3+ -doped silica glasses. The physical and spectroscopic characteristics of the Yb 3+ -doped silica glasses through the sol-gel method were investigated in detail.Reagent grade chemical reagents were used as starting materials. Tetraethoxysilane was used as the precursor of SiO 2 . AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O, YbCl 3 ·6H 2 O, and H 3 PO 4 were used for the realization of Al 2 O 3 , Yb 2 O 3 , and P 2 O 5 doping, respectively. Ethanol was used as t...