Efficient sorting of quantum-optical wave packets by temporal-mode interferometry

Reddy, Dileep V.; Raymer, Michael G.; McKinstrie, C. J.

doi:10.1364/ol.39.002924

Cited by 53 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Near-100% TM selectivity is predicted for frequency conversion by multi-stage three-wave mixing in second-order nonlinear optical waveguides [8,9]. This scheme is called temporalmode interferometry (TMI) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal mode sorting using dual-stage quantum frequency conversion by asymmetric Bragg scattering

Christensen¹,

Reddy²,

McKinstrie³

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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. Temporal mode sorting using dual-stage quantum frequency conversion by asymmetric Bragg scattering. Optics Express, 23(18) Abstract:The temporal shape of single photons provides a highdimensional basis of temporal modes, and can therefore support quantum computing schemes that go beyond the qubit. However, the lack of linear optical components to act as quantum gates has made it challenging to efficiently address specific temporal-mode components from an arbitrary superposition. Recent progress towards realizing such a "quantum pulse gate," has been proposed using nonlinear optical signal processing to add coherently the effect of multiple stages of quantum frequency conversion. This scheme, called temporal-mode interferometry [D. V. Reddy, Phys. Rev. A 91, 012323 (2015)], has been shown in the case of three-wave mixing to promise near-unity mode-sorting efficiency. Here we demonstrate that it is also possible to achieve high mode-sorting efficiency using four-wave mixing, if one pump pulse is long and the other short -a configuration we call asymmetrically-pumped Bragg scattering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal mode sorting using dual-stage quantum frequency conversion by asymmetric Bragg scattering

Christensen¹,

Reddy²,

McKinstrie³

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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“…FC has several important applications, including photon detection [3], and the establishment of compatibility between sources and quantum memories [4]. FC can also be used to modify in a controlled manner the properties of weak signals or single photons, a useful component of several quantum information processing protocols that harness the infinite dimensional Hilbert space structure of the frequency degree of freedom of photons [5][6][7][8]. A set of orthogonal frequency amplitude functions for the photon(s) (henceforth referred as "modes") provides a natural basis in which to encode information in this Hilbert space [5], and FC provides a natural way to do controlled operations in this Hilbert space [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Using the ME allows us to understand the scaling of the TOCs as a function of the energy of the classical pump pulse. Based on this model, we propose a new scheme to achieve highly efficient (and partially mode selective) FC, harnessing the TOCs that until now have been undesirable; this model also allows us to explain, using simple scaling arguments, why the double pass scheme introduced by Reddy et al [8] succeeds in achieving high efficiency FC, and to extend these ideas to the case of photon generation using spontaneous parametric down-conversion or four wave mixing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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High efficiency in mode-selective frequency conversion

Quesada

Sipe

2016

Opt. Lett.

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Frequency conversion (FC) is an enabling process in many quantum information protocols. Recently, it has been observed that upconversion efficiencies in single-photon, mode-selective FC are limited to around 80%. In this letter we argue that these limits can be understood as time-ordering corrections (TOCs) that modify the joint conversion amplitude of the process. Furthermore we show, using a simple scaling argument, that recently proposed cascaded FC protocols that overcome the aforementioned limitations act as "attenuators" of the TOCs. This observation allows us to argue that very similar cascaded architectures can be used to attenuate TOCs in photon generation via spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Finally, by using the Magnus expansion, we argue that the TOCs, which are usually considered detrimental for FC efficiency, can also be used to increase the efficiency of conversion in partially mode selective FC.Nonlinear photonic materials provide some of the most advanced platforms for manipulating the frequency and spectral profile of photons. This manipulation is typically achieved using a process known as frequency conversion (FC) [1,2]. In the version of FC we consider, two photons (one of them typically coming from a bright classical field) are fused into another photon with a higher energy by the process of sum frequency generation. FC has several important applications, including photon detection [3], and the establishment of compatibility between sources and quantum memories [4]. FC can also be used to modify in a controlled manner the properties of weak signals or single photons, a useful component of several quantum information processing protocols that harness the infinite dimensional Hilbert space structure of the frequency degree of freedom of photons [5][6][7][8]. A set of orthogonal frequency amplitude functions for the photon(s) (henceforth referred as "modes") provides a natural basis in which to encode information in this Hilbert space [5], and FC provides a natural way to do controlled operations in this Hilbert space [6]. For all applications of FC it is important to have conversion efficiency near unity, and for controlled operations it is also important to have mode selectivity. In the limit of very short crystals, or equivalently very long pulses (effectively CW fields) it has been shown that 100% FC is achievable [4,9]. Nevertheless in these limits most mode selectivity is lost. In this letter, we examine limitations to highly efficient mode selective FC. We show below that these limitations are due to time-ordering corrections (TOCs) that appear because the interaction picture Hamiltonian that describes the χ 2 (or χ 3 ) interaction between the different fields does not commute with itself at different times. Our study allows us to separate very cleanly the "ideal" operation of an FC device from the "undesirable" effects of time ordering. Thus, we can explicitly write the operation of an FC gate, in a language very close to the one used in quantum information, as a unitary operati...

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“…Moreover, the bandwidth of quantum memories that are an integral part of the quantum repeater protocol may be either broader or narrower than the bandwidth of the photons [7]. Spectro-temporal shaping of single photons, while preserving their quantum nature, is thus a vital tool for hybrid quantum networks [8,9]. …”

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Spectral broadening and shaping of nanosecond pulses: toward shaping of single photons from quantum emitters

et al. 2014

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We experimentally demonstrate spectral broadening and shaping of exponentially-decaying nanosecond pulses via nonlinear mixing with a phase-modulated pump in a periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. A strong, 1550 nm pulse is imprinted with a temporal phase and used to upconvert a weak 980 nm pulse to 600 nm while simultaneously broadening the spectrum to that of a Lorentzian pulse up to 10 times shorter. While the current experimental demonstration is for spectral shaping, we also provide a numerical study showing the feasibility of subsequent spectral phase correction to achieve temporal compression and re-shaping of a 1 ns mono-exponentially decaying pulse to a 250 ps Lorentzian, which would constitute a complete spectro-temporal waveform shaping protocol. This method, which uses quantum frequency conversion in PPLN with > 100 : 1 signal-to-noise ratio, is compatible with single photon states of light. IntroductionHybrid quantum networks that combine different physical systems are one approach to achieving the varied functions needed in photonic quantum information processing systems [1]. Unfortunately, the disparate components of such a quantum network may not share the same spectro-temporal properties, leading to an intrinsic incompatibility that can only be overcome via an "adaptation interface." For example, single photon sources based on single quantum emitters like InAs quantum dots [2], nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond [3], and neutral alkali atoms [4] exhibit desirable features such as on-demand generation with the potential for high single photon purity. To interface the emission wavelengths below 1000 nm with the low-loss telecommunications band, quantum frequency conversion interfaces [5,6] have been proposed and developed, both in bulk and on-chip geometries. However, wavelength incompatibility is not the only challenge that needs to be overcome. While the temporal waveform of such two-level quantum emitters is typically a few nanosecond mono-exponential decay, telecommunications networks are better suited to Gaussian and square pulses that are much shorter in duration. Moreover, the bandwidth of quantum memories that are an integral part of the quantum repeater protocol may be either broader or narrower than the bandwidth of the photons [7]. Spectro-temporal shaping of single photons, while preserving their quantum nature, is thus a vital tool for hybrid quantum networks [8,9].

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Efficient sorting of quantum-optical wave packets by temporal-mode interferometry

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Temporal mode sorting using dual-stage quantum frequency conversion by asymmetric Bragg scattering

Temporal mode sorting using dual-stage quantum frequency conversion by asymmetric Bragg scattering

High efficiency in mode-selective frequency conversion

Spectral broadening and shaping of nanosecond pulses: toward shaping of single photons from quantum emitters

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