Efficient Splitting Simulation for Blackout Analysis

Abstract

The analysis of severe blackouts has become an essential part of transmission grid planning and operation. This may include evaluation of rare-event probabilities, which can be difficult to estimate. While simulation offers flexibility to model large complex systems, efficiency remains a big concern when estimating very small probabilities. This paper presents an effective simulation technique to evaluate rare-event probabilities associated with cascading blackouts in an electric grid. We test our technique on an IEEE 118-bus electric network and show that it can dramatically improve simulation efficiency. We also demonstrate that the proposed technique can effectively locate vulnerable links. These are links whose failures lead to the highest probabilities of a blackout event.

Fast Power System Cascading Failure Path Searching With High Wind Power Penetration

“…where P and dD are unknown variables that denote the bus active injection vector and the load-shedding vector, respectively; D and S G are vectors that denote the loads and the binary states of generators with 0-down and 1-operational, respectively; c P /c d , L b , and G max are vectors that denote the costs of generation/load-shedding, the long-term maximum branch flows, and the maximum generator output, respectively; and C is the matrix that denotes the system's initial generation connection matrix. In (8), the objective function (8a) minimizes the summation costs of generation and load shedding. (8b) is the active power lossless constraint of the DCPF equations.…”

“…One approach is to reduce the Monte Carlo samples by improving the sampling strategy so that more samples are simulated near the rare severe failures. Such techniques include the splitting method [8], [9] and the importance sampling method [10], [11]. Another approach formulates the cascading failure analysis as a Markov chain searching problem [12].…”

Multi‐objective optimal preventive islanding based on stochastic backward elimination strategy considering uncertainties of loads and wind farms

“…[1][2][3] Researches demonstrate that many wide-spread failures could be avoided by an intentional defensive islanding strategy. 4,5 Defensive splitting or system islanding refers to the intentional partitioning of an interconnected power grid into several stable isolated subsystems before occurring a critical transition or blackout.…”

“…Therefore, without a defensive action in time, occurrence of an extreme contingency such as undamped oscillations, voltage collapse, and cascading trips may lead to wide area blackouts . Researches demonstrate that many wide‐spread failures could be avoided by an intentional defensive islanding strategy . Defensive splitting or system islanding refers to the intentional partitioning of an interconnected power grid into several stable isolated subsystems before occurring a critical transition or blackout.…”

Development approach of a programmable and open software package for power system frequency response calculation

“…The cooperation between the generating unit protective relays and UFLS is important for power system frequency stability [4]. Moreover, investigation into some blackouts indicates that large frequency deviation is a main factor pushing power systems to the edge [5]. In the process of power systems restoration, frequency deviation should be carefully restricted by gradually starting generators and loads to avoid large frequency deviation and subsequent system failure [6].…”