Based on the well-known excellent adsorbent ability of chicken eggshells, the adsorptive capacity and mechanism of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R (RBV-5R) dye by eggshell was investigated. Exploiting the high surface-area-to-volume ratio and porous structure of this natural adsorbent, the developed procedure showed to be useful for the efficient adsorption of RBV-5R dye from contaminated water. The protocol was thoroughly optimized by investigating the effect of the dye concentration, biomasscontaminated water ratio, particle size of the adsorbent, pH and temperature, as they are key factors in the efficiency of the dye removal process. The eggshell material was characterized by different types of microscopy techniques (stereo, polarization, SEM) as well as elemental analysis (element distribution mapping, EDX), Raman spectroscopy and BET-surface density measurements. EDX, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy proved the presence of the adsorbed dye on the surface of the biomaterial. It was shown that under optimal conditions, the environmentally friendly and inexpensive eggshell could be a reliable adsorbent for Remazol dye removal from wastewater. One of today's global challenges is to supply healthy, pure and consumable water to safeguard public health since a growing variety of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants are occurring in water bodies 1. According to the 2015 World Water Development Report, the demand for water around the world will increase by 55% over the next 15 years, indicating that the Earth's current water supplies can cover only 60% of our future needs by 2030 2. With rapid industrial development, the overexploitation of natural resources, industrial and natural disasters, the number of polluted water sites contaminated with heavy metals 3-6 , radioactive elements 7,8 , nitrite 9,10 , phosphate 11,12 , pesticides 13 , dyes 14-16 , etc., are continuously increasing. Dyes are widely utilized in the paper, pulp, paint and textile industries, with a large amount of water demand for washing and cleaning purposes. Based on the Colour Index, currently, more than 10 000 various types of synthetic dyes are available worldwide. In 2014, more than 1.5 million tons of dyes were produced annually. Fifty percent of these dyes are used by the textile industry, where during the colouring process, 1-10% of these dyes are discharged 17,18. Due to the high solubility and low biodegradability of these compounds, dye-polluted industrial wastewater is one of the most difficult types of wastewater to clean. Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R (RBV-5R), a reactive dye, is used to colour cellulosic fibres. After the colorization process, approximately 10-50% of the initial dye load remains unused 19. Biosorption is a promising method for removing persistent compounds, i.e., non-biodegradable compounds. Recently, various materials such as nanocomposites, households and industrial wastes have been used as biosorbents for inorganic and organic contaminant removal 5,11,20,21. Coconut residual fibres 22 , low-cost activated charcoal from to...