Efficient watermark reconstruction for medical images under rotation attacks using DWT

Shukla, Pragya; Rawat, Pooja; Singh, Richa; Dutta, Pranab

doi:10.1049/icp.2021.0956

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…Standard metrics to evaluate the robustness of a watermarking scheme include the bit error rate (BER) and the normalized correlation parameters. While the first is used to measure the fidelity of the extracted watermark image to the original watermark image (17), the latter represents the ratio of erroneous extracted bits to the total of embedded bits (18).…”

Section: Evaluation Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DWT may be applied one or multiple times to an image or a transformation of an image to generate, at the end of each processing, four sub‐bands with equal dimensions and different resolutions. In Reference 18, Shukla et al proposed a robust watermarking scheme for medical images, where the watermark is inserted into the high frequency sub‐band of the second level DWT. In Reference 26, Hoshi et al proposed a robust watermarking algorithm for copyright protection based on five levels of DWT decomposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most used transform domains include the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) [17][18][19][20][21] and the discrete cosine transform (DCT). [22][23][24][25] The DWT has been widely used for watermarking because of its excellent spatial localization performance and multi-resolution analysis of signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Robust image watermarking in DCT domain using optimal inter‐block difference

Kricha

Sakly

2023

Concurrency and Computation

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SummaryRobust watermarking provides valuable solutions to protect the copyright and secure digital images. In this paper, a robust and transparent watermarking scheme in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain is presented. The watermark is embedded into the difference of two adjacent DCT coefficients located at the same frequency. The embedding process involves optimal selection of adjacent blocks and DCT coefficients positions. For a given DCT block, the optimal selection is to find the coefficient with the lowest DCT frequency that requires the minimal variation to represent the target watermark bit. To insert the watermark, a new quantization index modulation (QIM) based method with irregular distance between continuous quantizers is employed. The performance of the proposed scheme was extensively evaluated using 12 benchmark images and a total of more than 90 attacks per image grouped into nine attack types including JPEG compression, filtering and noise contamination. Furthermore, robustness comparison with state‐of‐the‐art works was conducted, and the results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of imperceptibility and robustness.

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Section: Evaluation Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%