Efficient X-ray Attenuation Lead-Free AgBi₂I₇ Halide Rudorffite Alternative for Sensitive and Stable X-ray Detection

Abstract

The poor attenuation capability of high-energy X-ray photons hinders the application of X-ray detectors in medical and astrophysical areas. Halide-based perovskites are promising candidates for X-ray detection because of their improved sensitivity. However, their inferior attenuation coefficient is still unsatisfactory for broadband X-ray detection. Here, a new kind of X-ray detection material, AgBi2I7 rudorffite single crystal (SC), is prepared and applied in X-ray detection for the first time, and it shows a higher attenuation coefficient than halide-based perovskites, commercialized a-Se, and the currently outstanding Cd0.9Zn0.1Te (CZT). The AgBi2I7 rudorffite SCs possess outstanding electric properties and excellent stability. AgBi2I7-SC detectors demonstrate a limit of detection (LoD) of 72 nGyair s–1 and a sensitivity of 282.5 μC Gyair –1cm–2 to X-rays and show only a slight performance degradation after ontinuous X-ray irradiation with a total dose of 58 Gyair. This work opens up a new perspective and broad opportunities for halide rudorffite in X-ray detection.

High‐Performance X‐Ray Detector Based on Liquid Diffused Separation Induced Cs3Bi2I9 Single Crystal

“…The LDSC-Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 SC and ITC-Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 SC have µτ product of 1.87 × 10 -3 and 1.59 × 10 -3 cm 2 V -1 , respectively, which are comparable to the values for the Nucleation-controlled-grown of Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 SC [35] and other perovskite single crystals. [43,46,47] As a result, compared with ITC-Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 SC, LDSC-Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 SC exhibited superior crystal quality and fewer defects, leading to a higher µτ product, longer average carrier diffusion length and higher carrier collection efficiency, which are beneficial for achieving high-performance X-ray detectors. [37]…”

The Impact of Cesium and Antimony Alloying on the Photovoltaic Properties of Silver Bismuth Iodide Compounds

“…[25] In addition to the solar cell, SBI rudorffites also had other applications, such as near-IR (NIR)-blind visible-light photodetectors, and sensitive and stable X-ray detectors. [26,27] To date, a few studies have been studied the effect of Cs and Sb for enhancing the PCE of SBI-based devices. Based on our studies, Cs and Sb are expected to have a positive effect on SBI compounds.…”

Solvent Free Laminated Fabrication of Lead Halide Perovskites for Sensitive and Stable X-ray Detection

“…The carrier mobility-lifetime ( μτ ) product was next evaluated by the photoconductivity method. , As shown in Figure e, the μτ products of 6.86 × 10 –5 and 5.33 × 10 –5 cm 2 V –1 were obtained for the electrons and holes in MAPbI 3 -LLPs, respectively. The μτ products of MAPbI 3 -LLPs are lower than its SCs counterparts (∼10 –3 cm 2 V –1 ), but superior to that of 10 –7 cm 2 V –1 for a-Se semiconductors. , CZT is currently recognized as the best material for direct X-ray detection.…”