Ego-strength revised:A comparison of the MMPI-2 and MMPI-1 versions of the barron Ego-strength scale

Schuldberg, David

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199207)48:4<500::aid-jclp2270480410>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The scale has demonstrated good reliability (alpha=0.66) [40], also in this study (alpha=0.70). Emotional and tangible support from networks was measured using the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 61%

Correlates of depressive symptomatology in African-American breast cancer patients

et al. 2013

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Purpose This study assessed the levels of depressive symptomatology in African Americans women with breast cancer compared to those of women without breast cancer and examined demographic, psychosocial, and clinical factors were correlated with depression. Methods A total of 152 African American women were recruited from Washington DC and surrounding suburbs. Breast cancer patients (n=76 cases) were recruited from a healthcare center and women without cancer were recruited from health fairs (n=76 comparison). We assessed depression, psychosocial variables (ego strength and social support) and socio-demographic factors from in-person interviews. Stage and clinical factors were abstracted from medical records. Independent sample t-test, chi square test, ANOVA, and multiple regression models were used to identify differences in depression and correlates of depression among the cases and comparison groups. Results Women with breast cancer reported significantly greater levels of depression (m=11.5 SD=5.0) than women without breast cancer (m=3.9; SD=3.8) (p<.001). Higher cancer stage (beta=.91) and higher age (beta =.11) were associated with depression in the breast patients, explaining 84% of the variance. In the comparison group, ego strength and tangible support were inversely associated with depressive symptoms, accounting for 32% of the variance. Conclusions Women with more advanced disease may require interdisciplinary approaches to cancer care (i.e., caring for the whole person). Implications for cancer survivors Depression is often under-recognized and under-treated in African American breast cancer patients. Understanding the factors related to depression is necessary to integrate psychosocial needs to routine cancer care to improve survivors’ quality of life.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 61%

Correlates of depressive symptomatology in African-American breast cancer patients

et al. 2013

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“…One study employed a conceptual framework, specifically Ferrell and Grant's Quality of Life Model [18, 19]. All studies employed a range of validated HRQOL measurement tools, including the Psychological Adjustment to Illness Scale [48], Interpersonal Support Evaluation List [49], Quality of Life/Breast Cancer Psychological Well-Being Subscale [18, 19], Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast [50], Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors [51], Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form [52], and Barron's Ego Strength Scale [53]. All studies met 50 % of the critical appraisal criteria, and five studies met over 70 % of appraisal criteria.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

To be young, Black, and living with breast cancer: a systematic review of health-related quality of life in young Black breast cancer survivors

Samuel

Pinheiro

Reeder‐Hayes

et al. 2016

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Purpose Compared with young White women, young Black women are more likely to present with aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtypes that are potentially linked to worse health-related quality of life (HRQOL); however, there is limited consensus regarding HRQOL needs among young Black BC survivors. Employing Ferrell's framework on QOL in BC (i.e., physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being), we conducted a systematic review on HRQOL among Black BC survivors aged <50 years and proposed recommendations for advancing HRQOL research and care for this population. Methods Literature searches were conducted in MED-LINE/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO to identify relevant articles published from 1995 to 2015. Abstracts and full-text articles were screened using predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria and evaluated for quality. Results A total of 2533 articles were identified, but six met eligibility criteria. Most studies examined multiple HRQOL domains, with the psychological domain most represented. Compared with their older, White, and BC-free counterparts, young Black BC survivors reported greater fear of dying, unmet supportive care needs, financial distress, and lower physical/functional well-being. However, spiritual well-being appeared favorable for young Black survivors. Research gaps include the absence of longitudinal studies and under-representation of studies examining physical, social, and particularly, spiritual HRQOL in young Black BC survivors. Conclusions Young Black BC survivors generally experience suboptimal HRQOL after BC diagnosis. As few studies have reported on HRQOL among this group, future research and oncology care should prioritize young Black women in ways that recognize their unique concerns, in order to ensure better HRQOL outcomes both during and after treatment.

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“…The Ego Strength scale was originally developed to predict individual psychotherapy outcome, with higher scores on this scale indicating a higher level of adjustment and lower scores indicating a higher level of maladjustment. Subsequent research has also revealed that the ES scale is related to the presence of psychological resources needed for day‐to‐day functioning (e.g., Archer, Elkins, Aiduk, & Griffin, 1997; Schuldberg, 1992). Further, Graham (2000a) has cited research data showing that the ES indicates overall psychological adjustment, as assessed concurrently by other MMPI‐2 indexes and extra criteria.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MMPI‐2 Gender‐Masculine and Gender‐Feminine scales: Gender roles as predictors of psychological health in clinical patients

Woo

Oei

2006

Int J Psychol

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Previous research measuring various biosocial factors such as age, sex, and marital status has found them to be essentially unrelated to measures of psychological health. Recent empirical studies have revealed that personality constructs may be more significant than demographic variables in the prediction of psychological well‐being. The present study assessed the personality constructs of masculinity and femininity and hypothesized that the Gender‐Masculine (GM) scale of the MMPI‐2 would be more effective than the Gender‐Feminine (GF) scale in predicting psychological well‐being. This hypothesis stems from previous research that has indicated the dominance of the masculinity model. It is suggested that previous research supporting androgyny as a primary indicator of well‐being was influenced by the masculinity component of this gender orientation. One hundred and seventy‐seven psychiatric patients from Australia (N = 107) and Singapore (N = 70) completed the MMPI‐2. Hierarchical multiple regression revealed significantly stronger masculinity effects, with significance achieved on measures of ego strength and low self‐esteem. No significant relationship between psychological well‐being and the GF variable was found. Similarly, androgyny did not add any further variance to the model when masculinity was controlled for. Overall, the results are consistent with an interpretation that GM is a better correlate of psychological well‐being as compared to the GF scale.

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Ego-strength revised:A comparison of the MMPI-2 and MMPI-1 versions of the barron Ego-strength scale

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Correlates of depressive symptomatology in African-American breast cancer patients

Correlates of depressive symptomatology in African-American breast cancer patients

To be young, Black, and living with breast cancer: a systematic review of health-related quality of life in young Black breast cancer survivors

The MMPI‐2 Gender‐Masculine and Gender‐Feminine scales: Gender roles as predictors of psychological health in clinical patients

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