Eicosapentaenoic acid is more effective than docosahexaenoic acid in inhibiting proinflammatory mediator production and transcription from LPS-induced human asthmatic alveolar macrophage cells

Mickleborough, Timothy D.; Tecklenburg, Sandra; Montgomery, Gregory S.; Lindley, Martin R.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2008.10.012

Cited by 66 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As a result of studies demonstrating an anti-inflammatory effect of omega-3 (Tartibian et al, 2011;Mickleborough et al, 2015), it was hypothesised that IL-6, and perceived muscle soreness may have been reduced in the High and Low EPA groups. Although not conclusive (Weldon et al, 2007), EPA has been shown to be a more potent inhibitor of the inflammatory response than DHA (Mickleborough et al, 2009), and it may have been expected that this would result in the high EPA group having reduced symptoms of inflammatory markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an acute dose of omega-3 fish oil following exercise-induced muscle damage

et al. 2017

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Effect of an acute dose of omega-3 fish oil following exercise-induced muscle damageAbstract Purpose: The purpose of this double blind, placebo controlled study was to examine the effect of two fish oil supplements, one high in EPA (750mg EPA, 50mg DHA and one low in EPA (150mg EPA, 100mg DHA), taken acutely as a recovery strategy following EIMD.Methods: Twenty-seven physically active males (26 ± 4 yr, 1.77 ± 0.07 m, 80 ± 10 kg) completed 100 plyometric drop jumps to induce muscle damage. Perceptual (perceived soreness) and functional (isokinetic muscle strength at 60 0 and 180 0 ·s -1 , squat jump performance and countermovement jump performance) indices of EIMD were recorded before, and 1, 24, 48, 72, and 96h after the damaging protocol. Immediately after the damaging protocol, volunteers ingested either a placebo (Con), a low EPA fish oil (Low EPA) or a high EPA fish oil (High EPA) at a dose of 1g per 10kg body mass.Results: A significant group main effect was observed for squat jump, with the High EPA group performing better than Con and Low EPA groups (average performance decrement, 2.1%, 8.3%and 9.8%, respectively), and similar findings were observed for countermovement jump performance, (average performance decrement, 1.7%, 6.8% and 6.8%, respectively, p = 0.07).Significant Time, but no interaction main effects were observed for all functional and perceptual indices measured, although large effects sizes demonstrate a possible ameliorating effect of high dose of EPA fish supplementation (effect sizes ≥ 0.14). Conclusion

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an acute dose of omega-3 fish oil following exercise-induced muscle damage

et al. 2017

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“…3-series EPA-derived eicosanoids, are thought to be less potent than AA-derived eicosanoids, thus contributing to the anti-inflammatory, but also the anti-aggregatory and vasodilatory effects of fish oils (154) previously described. As mentioned earlier, EPA, unlike DHA, is a direct substrate for COX and LOX for the synthesis of LT, PG and TX, which might explain why it reduces LTB 4 and PGD 2 production in macrophages to a greater extent than DHA (155) . The slight but significant effect of DHA might be due to its partial reconversion to EPA (156) .…”

Section: Effects Of Epa and Dha On Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The differential effects of EPA and DHA on cardiovascular risk factors

2011

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Compelling evidence exists for the cardioprotective benefits resulting from consumption of fatty acids from fish oils, EPA (20 :5n-3) and DHA (22 :6n-3). EPA and DHA alter membrane fluidity, interact with transcription factors such as PPAR and sterol regulatory element binding protein, and are substrates for enzymes including cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450. As a result, fish oils may improve cardiovascular health by altering lipid metabolism, inducing haemodynamic changes, decreasing arrhythmias, modulating platelet function, improving endothelial function and inhibiting inflammatory pathways. The independent effects of EPA and DHA are poorly understood. While both EPA and DHA decrease TAG levels, only DHA appears to increase HDL and LDL particle size. Evidence to date suggests that DHA is more efficient in decreasing blood pressure, heart rate and platelet aggregation compared to EPA. Fish oil consumption appears to improve arterial compliance and endothelial function; it is not yet clear as to whether differences exist between EPA and DHA in their vascular effects. In contrast, the beneficial effect of fish oils on inflammation and insulin sensitivity observed in vitro and in animal studies has not been confirmed in human subjects. Further investigation to clarify the relative effects of consuming EPA and DHA at a range of doses would enable elaboration of current understanding regarding cardioprotective effects of consuming oily fish and algal sources of long chain n-3 PUFA, and provide clearer evidence for the clinical therapeutic potential of consuming either EPA or DHA-rich oils.

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“…The generation of PGE and PGF proceeds from AA and the common precursor prostaglandin H. By means of an enzyme, 9KPGR, PGE can be converted to PGF ( 12 ). Various factors can alter the generation of either eikosanoid, such as mutations in generating enzymes, stimuli, and environment (30)(31)(32)(33). Thus, interactions of EPA, DHA, LPS, and PHA might be of signifi cance for generation of one or the other eikosanoid.…”

Section: Tnf-␣ Il-1 ␤ Il-6 and G-csf Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced prostaglandin F2α release from blood mononuclear leukocytes after oral supplementation of ω3 fatty acids: the OmegAD study

Vedin

Cederholm

Freund‐Levi

et al. 2010

Journal of Lipid Research

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Eicosapentaenoic acid is more effective than docosahexaenoic acid in inhibiting proinflammatory mediator production and transcription from LPS-induced human asthmatic alveolar macrophage cells

Cited by 66 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of an acute dose of omega-3 fish oil following exercise-induced muscle damage

Effect of an acute dose of omega-3 fish oil following exercise-induced muscle damage

The differential effects of EPA and DHA on cardiovascular risk factors

Reduced prostaglandin F2α release from blood mononuclear leukocytes after oral supplementation of ω3 fatty acids: the OmegAD study

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