Eigenschaften betrieblich hergestellter manganlegierter Sinterstähle

Zapf, Gerhard; Hoffmann, Gottfried; Dalal, K.

doi:10.1002/srin.197503629

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Since Cr and Mn are cheap alloying elements in sintered steels, their introduction as master alloys in form of complex carbides has been studied in great details [6,7]. Such master alloys fulfilled the following conditions:…”

Section: Role Of Mater Alloys In Low Alloy Sintered Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering in global material perspective

Upadhyaya¹

2018

SCI SINTER

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Section: Role Of Mater Alloys In Low Alloy Sintered Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering in global material perspective

Upadhyaya¹

2018

SCI SINTER

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Section: High Oxygen Affinity Alloying Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are cheap materials, abundant, easy to recycle and improve the properties of steels as alloying elements. Their high affinity for the oxygen and the poor control in the atmospheres till mid 90"s, most of these trials have tested through the additions of ferroalloys [73,74,75,76] or master alloys [77,78,79,80,81,82] to reduce their activity during sintering.In the case of chromium, and being a big difference the Mo base steels of similar characteristics, it can be obtained special steels devoted for carbonitriding or nitriding [83,84]. But the implementation of Cr or Mn in large scale production, despite their fantastic effect on hardenability [85,86], has been limited by their high affinity for the oxygen and the difficulties to reduce de amount of this element.…”

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confidence: 99%

From Sintered Iron to High Performance PM Steels

Torralba

Oro

Campos

2011

MSF

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Keywords: powder metallurgy steels, low alloyed steels, high performance, master alloys.Abstract. Since low alloyed sintered steels were introduced in the market of the structural parts, we have followed the evolution of a material with poor mechanical properties and any uniformity (in the sense of reproducibility) to materials that today are produced with high reliability and performance. The working efficiency could be equivalent in many cases with the best wrought steel, and maintaining a good margin in terms of cost and competitively. In this paper a complete review of the topic is accomplished, from the early times when the first parts were made by plain iron or iron-carbon, going through the different alloying systems: Fe-Cu, Fe-P, Fe-Cu-Ni-Mo, and more recently Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Mn. The development in processing routes has been considered too. The main milestones in the field of new alloying systems have been: 1) the introduction of Cu in 60-70"s, 2) the new complex systems with Cu-Ni-Mo in the 80"s and 3) the introduction of alloying elements with high oxygen affinity (in the late 90"s). Regarding the milestones in processing could be considered: 1) the development of new mixing procedures, 2) the warm compaction and high velocity compaction, 3) the improvements in sintering control and high temperature sintering. Several decades of research and innovation, acting on the processing system (mixing, pressing, sintering, post-sintering operations,…) and on the alloying system (from the earliest times with plain iron to complex systems used today), has allowed us to have a highly competitive materials, in terms of performance, and processes in terms of cost. The future is still open to new developments. First sintered steels.Iron based powder metallurgy (PM), were developed in the previous years to the II World War, being the absence of raw materials the pushing effect, and it was the origin of a new materials family (PM Steels) that today can be considered a high performance materials. The first sintered part was introduced in the car industry by General Motors in 1937 and was an oil gear for oil pump [1]. One of the first components introduced was one iron part for an electrical engine in 1945 [2].Till late 60"s were manufactured by PM simple parts, that were based on Fe-C and Fe-Cu-C systems. The knowledge of these systems was developed from works that analyze the possible formation of liquid phase during sintering with the aim of improving the densification and to promote sintering activation [3] as well the diffusion mechanisms in plain systems and selfdiffusion of Fe [4,5]. To analyze and to understand the sintering steps were use iron wires that can reproduce the sintering model based on spheres [6].Looking for the improvement in the mechanical properties, at that time considering the available technology two basic requirements for new alloying systems were stated: poor or null affinity for the oxygen -sintering atmospheres were not enough dried [7]-and the possibility of controlling dimensionally the s...

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“…This is described by Zapf et al 6 as a 'multiple strengthening effect'. This phenomenon has also been demonstrated by, for example, the Fe-Mn-Cr and Fe-Mn-Cu systems.…”

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confidence: 94%