Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Dermatitis exfoliativa neonatorum (Ritter)

Winternitz, Rudolf

doi:10.1007/bf01990874

Cited by 26 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…"Pemphigus neonatorum" describes a milder, self-limiting disease of infants that produces a few blisters (162). S. aureus was first isolated in 1891 from a patient with pemphigus neonatorum by Almquist (7), who called the organism Micrococcus pemphigi neonatorum, and then by Winternitz in 1898 (281).…”

Section: Historical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Microbial, and Biochemical Aspects of the Exfoliative Toxins Causing Staphylococcal Scalded-Skin Syndrome

et al. 1999

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SUMMARY The exfoliative (epidermolytic) toxins of Staphylococcus aureus are the causative agents of the staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome (SSSS), a blistering skin disorder that predominantly affects children. Clinical features of SSSS vary along a spectrum, ranging from a few localized blisters to generalized exfoliation covering almost the entire body. The toxins act specifically at the zona granulosa of the epidermis to produce the characteristic exfoliation, although the mechanism by which this is achieved is still poorly understood. Despite the availability of antibiotics, SSSS carries a significant mortality rate, particularly among neonates with secondary complications of epidermal loss and among adults with underlying diseases. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the literature spanning more than a century and to cover all aspects of the disease. The epidemiology, clinical features, potential complications, risk factors, susceptibility, diagnosis, differential diagnoses, investigations currently available, treatment options, and preventive measures are all discussed in detail. Recent crystallographic data on the toxins has provided us with a clearer and more defined approach to studying the disease. Understanding their mode of action has important implications in future treatment and prevention of SSSS and other diseases, and knowledge of their specific site of action may provide a useful tool for physiologists, dermatologists, and pharmacologists.

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Section: Historical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Microbial, and Biochemical Aspects of the Exfoliative Toxins Causing Staphylococcal Scalded-Skin Syndrome

et al. 1999

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“…Seven to 10 days after the first signs of erythema, recovery is complete with a normal unscarred appearance of the skin. Although Rit-ter von Rittershain never considered the disease he described to be infectious, Winternitz (187) isolated S. aureus from a patient with Ritter's disease in 1898. In succeeding years numerous FIG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonenteric toxins of Staphylococcus aureus.

Rogolsky¹

1979

Microbiological Reviews

132

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Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Clinical features, pathogenesis, and recent microbiological and biochemical developments

Elias¹

1977

Archives of Dermatology

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The essential clinical features of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) and otherforms of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are contrasted. Whereas TEN is a devastating disease of multiple causes and of high fatality affecting all age groups, SSSS comprises many clinical entitles that occur primarily in early childhood and is caused by certain phage group 2 staphylococci. Because of the high cleavage plane, the barrier is only translently perturbed, and rapid recovery is the rule. Although the early stages of SSSS may resemble other widespread dermatoses clinically, the correct diagnosis is suggested, even prior to frank exfoliation, by the presence of cutaneous tenderness and a positive Nikolski sign. However, rapid bedside confirmation is now possible with exfoliative cytology and frozen sections. Recent availability of in vivo and in vitro animal models of SSSS have advanced the knowledge of the disease: the responsible epidermolytic toxin has been characterized, and the purely extracellular pathogenesis of SSSS has been established. The epidermolytic toxin is strikingly species and tissue specific, attacking only certain keratinizing epithelia of mice, hamsters, monkeys, and man. The lower incidence of SSSS in adults is primarily due to a supreior capacity to metabolize and excrete the toxin, as well as more efficient immune capabilities. The mechanisms of epidermolytic toxin action and the molecular site of action are still the focus of active investigation.

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Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Dermatitis exfoliativa neonatorum (Ritter)

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

Clinical, Microbial, and Biochemical Aspects of the Exfoliative Toxins Causing Staphylococcal Scalded-Skin Syndrome

Clinical, Microbial, and Biochemical Aspects of the Exfoliative Toxins Causing Staphylococcal Scalded-Skin Syndrome

Nonenteric toxins of Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Clinical features, pathogenesis, and recent microbiological and biochemical developments

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