2013
DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209581
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Eine verzweigte Dominoreaktion: asymmetrische, organokatalytische Zwei‐Komponenten‐vier‐Stufen‐Synthese hochfunktionalisierter Cyclohexenderivate

Abstract: Im klassischen Sinne bezeichnet man als Dominoreaktionen Reaktionsabläufe mit zwei oder mehr bindungsbildenden Schritten, in denen die nachfolgenden Transformationen unter identischen Reaktionsbedingungen an den in den vorhergehenden Reaktionen hergestellten Funktionalitäten stattfinden. [1,2] In einer solchen linearen Dominoreaktion beeinflusst der Verlauf der vorangehenden Reaktion somit stets auch den Ablauf der nachfolgenden Reaktionen (Abbildung 1 a). Unter diesen klassischen Domino-oder Kaskadenreaktione… Show more

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Cited by 37 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…The direct functionalization of b carbon atoms of saturated carbonyl compounds can provide a shortcut for the rapid installation of useful functional units, and therefore received intense attention in recent years. [2] With an N-heterocylic carbene (NHC) as the organic catalyst under oxidative conditions the b carbon of a saturated aldehyde can also be activated as an electrophilic carbon, as disclosed in our earlier studies (Figure 1 a). [1] In recent years, also organocatalysis was established in the area of inert chemical bond functionalizations.…”
mentioning
confidence: 89%
“…The direct functionalization of b carbon atoms of saturated carbonyl compounds can provide a shortcut for the rapid installation of useful functional units, and therefore received intense attention in recent years. [2] With an N-heterocylic carbene (NHC) as the organic catalyst under oxidative conditions the b carbon of a saturated aldehyde can also be activated as an electrophilic carbon, as disclosed in our earlier studies (Figure 1 a). [1] In recent years, also organocatalysis was established in the area of inert chemical bond functionalizations.…”
mentioning
confidence: 89%
“…[123] Enders andc o-workers developed an organocatalytic asymmetric two-component four-step domino reaction for the synthesis of spirocyclohexaneoxindole derivatives 297,u sing b-phenyl aldehyde (294,R 1 = Ph) anda ctivated alkenes 298 as the substrates,I BX as the oxidant, and (R)-45 as the catalyst. [124] As shown in Scheme 80, the enamine intermediate 295, formed from the reactiono f( R)-45 and 294,a nd the iminiumi ntermediate 296,f ormed in situ from the oxidation of 295 by IBX, were both essential for the two initial Michael addition reactions (i.e., the Michael addition of 295 to 298,a nd then the Michael addition of that product to 296). Finally, an intramolecular aldol condensation yielded the desired products 297 in good yieldsa nd excellent dr and ee values.U sing b-phenyl or b-styryl aldehydes 294 and nitroalkenes 76 as the substrates, the authors were also able to synthesize 1-cyclohexenecarbaldehydes 299 in moderate to good yields with excellent stereoselectivities.T he enantiomers of the products 297 and 299 may be obtained in similar yields and stereoselectivities by using (S)-45 as the catalyst.…”
Section: 231synthesis Of Indole-based Spirocyclesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This reactioni sa ne xample of the so-called branchedd omino reactions,w here one of initial substrates is transformed into two or more reactivei ntermediates that initiate two or more parallel reactions at the same time. [124] Peng, Huang, Han, andc o-workers utilized saturated aldehydes 70,n itroalkenes 76,a nd isatin derivatives 302 as the substrates andachiral secondary amine (S)-45 as the catalyst in an asymmetric sequential reactiont op roduce the oxaspirocyclohexaneoxindole derivatives 301. [125] Thef irst Michaela ddition reaction between 70 and 76 catalyzed by (S)-45 produced the intermediate 300,w hich further underwent ad omino Henry/acetalization reactionw ith the sequentially added 302.S ubsequent oxidation of the chiral spiro hemiacetal providedt he desired product 301 in good yields and high stereoselectivities (Scheme 81).…”
Section: 231synthesis Of Indole-based Spirocyclesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 2011, the groups of Hayashi and Wang reported the amino-catalyzed oxidation of saturated aldehydes to the corresponding a,b-unsaturated iminium intermediates, in which the formal aldehyde b carbon behaved as an electrophilic reactive carbon (Figure 1 a). [2] With an N-heterocylic carbene (NHC) as the organic catalyst under oxidative conditions the b carbon of a saturated aldehyde can also be activated as an electrophilic carbon, as disclosed in our earlier studies (Figure 1 a). [3] MacMillans group has pioneered the activation of the b carbon of saturated aldehydes and ketones as reactive radical carbon through amino catalysis in a single-electron transfer process (Figure 1 b).…”
mentioning
confidence: 74%