Einfluss von Exudaten von Boletus variegatus auf die dichotomische Verzweigung isolierter Kiefernwurzeln

Slankis, V.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1948.tb09039.x

Cited by 52 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For example, Slankis and others observed that the treatment of cultured pine roots with fungal extracts, or with naturally occurring and synthetic auxins, induced occasional dichotomous branching of lateral roots that resembled ectomycorrhizal morphology (Slankis, 1948(Slankis, , 1950Ulrich, 1962 ;Slankis, 1973). On the basis of these experiments, as ' auxin theory ' for ectomycorrhiza formation was proposed (Slankis, 1973 ;Gogala, 1991 ;Smith & Read, 1997), according to which the auxins produced by symbiotic fungi are responsible for the changes in root morphology that are characteristic of ectomycorrhizas.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxin transport inhibitors act through ethylene to regulate dichotomous branching of lateral root meristems in pine

1999

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Many soil fungi colonize the roots of pines to form symbiotic organs known as ectomycorrhizas. Dichotomous branching of short lateral roots and the formation of coralloid organs are diagnostic of ectomycorrhizas in many pine species, although the regulation of these changes in root morphology is not well understood. We used axenic root cultures of six pine species to examine the role of auxin, cytokinin, ethylene and nutrients in the regulation of root architecture. Surprisingly, extensive dichotomous and coralloid branching of lateral roots occurred spontaneously in Pinus taeda, P. halepensis and P. muricata. In P. sylvestris, P. ponderosa and P. nigra, treatment with auxin transport inhibitors (ATIs), the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) or the ethylene-releasing compound 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA or ethephon) induced extensive dichotomous branching and coralloid organ formation. Formation of both spontaneous and ATI-induced coralloid structures was blocked by treatment with an ethylene synthesis inhibitor L-α-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl)glycine ; this inhibition was reversed by either ACC or CEPA. In addition, the induction of this unique morphogenetic pattern in pine root cultures was regulated by nutrient levels. The morphology and anatomical organization of the chemically induced dichotomous and coralloid structures, as well as the regulation of their formation by nutrient levels, show a striking similarity to those of ectomycorrhizas.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxin transport inhibitors act through ethylene to regulate dichotomous branching of lateral root meristems in pine

1999

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“…With exception of the pioneering work of Slankis (1948Slankis ( , 1973 on spruce ectomycorrhizas, such a characterization has until now been performed primarily on endomycorrhizal plants (Amijee, Tinker & Stribley, 1989 ;Schellenbaum et al, 1991 ;Berta et al, 1990Berta et al, , 1995Reichenbach & Scho$ nbeck, 1995). This paper is preliminary to further studies on recognition and functioning in ectomycorrhizal oaks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A gnotobiotic culture system with oak microcuttings to study specific effects of mycobionts on plant morphology before, and in the early phase of, ectomycorrhiza formation by Paxillus involutus and Piloderma croceum

Herrmann¹,

Munch

Buscot

1998

New Phytologist

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Homogeneously developed oak (Quercus robur L.) microcuttings were challenged in a Petri-dish system with the mycobionts Piloderma croceum J. Erikss. & Hjortst. and Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. Non-destructive observations over 10 wk followed by d. wt measurements at the end of the assays served to precisely characterize root and shoot development, dynamics of mycorrhizal colonization and morphological ratio. In the system, plant development, and especially root morphogenesis, had more similarities to those of stump cuttings or of older seedlings than to those of 3-month-old seedlings. Whereas Paxillus involutus displayed early mycorrhizal colonization and had no significant morphological effects on the host Piloderma croceum modified markedly the entire plant development before a delayed mycorrhiza formation. The latter mycobiont stimulated elongation and production of the lateral root system and also increased the leaf surface. However, no corresponding weight increases were noted, which was reflected by significant increase of both specific root length and specific leaf area. These differential effects are discussed in relation to data concerning carbon requirement and auxin production of the mycobionts. The developed system was shown to be highly suitable for comparative studies with diverse mycobionts on recognition and physiological balance between partners before, and in the early stage of, formation of mycorrhizas.

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“…These swollen roots in many cases later showed extensive dichotomous branching resembling the typical pattern of the pine mycor rhizae. Similar results were obtained with excised Scots pine roots by adding only the medium in which the fungus had grown to the root nutrient solution (Slankis, 1948). It was concluded that the characteristic morphology of simple and coralloid mycorrhizae was due to the influence of some substance or substances exuded by the fungal partner.…”

Section: Literature Reviewsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Pinus svlvestris L,, (Slankis, 1948). The roots were grown under sterile conditions and the root cultures were inocula ted with known mycorrhizae forming fungi.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Culture exudates of mycorrhizal partners of pine have been shown to influence branch root number and morphology when added to cultures of excised pine roots (Slankis, 1948;Turner, 1962). It was also demonstra ted that certain concentrations of indoleacetic acid (lAA) induced simi lar effects on the excised roots (Barnes and Naylor, 1959b;Slankis, 1949).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of fungal exudates on growth of excised roots of white oak

Wargo

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Einfluss von Exudaten von Boletus variegatus auf die dichotomische Verzweigung isolierter Kiefernwurzeln

Cited by 52 publications

References 4 publications

Auxin transport inhibitors act through ethylene to regulate dichotomous branching of lateral root meristems in pine

Auxin transport inhibitors act through ethylene to regulate dichotomous branching of lateral root meristems in pine

A gnotobiotic culture system with oak microcuttings to study specific effects of mycobionts on plant morphology before, and in the early phase of, ectomycorrhiza formation by Paxillus involutus and Piloderma croceum

Influence of fungal exudates on growth of excised roots of white oak

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