Eiweißkristalle in Pflanzenzellen

Thaler, Irmtraud

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-5483-0_1

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Nuclear protein crystals are widespread in red algae, pteridophyte and higher-plant cells and often of considerable taxonomic value (Thaler 1966, Fabbri and Manicanti 1970, Speta 1979, Esau and Thorsch 1982, Behnke 1994, Pueschel 1992). In the current survey, spindle-shaped crystals were only found in the population of Nitella flexilis collected in Salzburg.…”

Section: Spindle-shaped Crystals Indicate Nuclear and Cellular Degenementioning

confidence: 97%

Nuclear crystals, lampbrush-chromosome-like structures, and perinuclear cytoskeletal elements associated with nuclear fragmentation in characean internodal cells

Foissner

Wasteneys

2000

Protoplasma

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Dedicated to Professor Waiter Gustav Url on the occasion of his 70th birthdaySummary. This article gives a survey of nucleus-associated structures and inclusions in a diverse range of characean algae including Chara braunii Gin., Chara corallina Klein ex Willd., em. R.D.W., N#ella cristata A.Br., era. R.D.W., Nitella flexilis (L.) Ag., Nitella furcata (Roxb. ex Bruz.) Ag. era. R.D.W., N#ella hyalina (DC.) Ag., Nitella pseudoflabellata A.Br., era. R.D.W., Nitella pseudoflabellata var. imperialis T.EA., Nitella translucens var. axillaris (A.Br.) R.D.W. and Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv. in Lois.) J.Gr. Lampbrushchromosome-like structures were found in nuclei of NiteUa flexilis and Nitellopsis obtusa and seem to be involved in the distribution of genetic,material during nuclear fragmentation. Intranuclear tubular crystals of unknown protein composition were present in all species, especially in young, elongating cells, and could be important for establishing the main axis of the nuclei. Spindle-shaped protein crystals that originate in the nucleus and are released into the cytoplasm upon nuclear degeneration were observed in branchlet internodal cells of one population of N#ella flexilis. Perinuclear microtubules were present in all species, but perinuclear actin fibrils were hitherto only found in most Nitella species and in Nitellopsis obtusa. None of these nucleus-associated structures seems to be responsible for the formation of constrictions leading to nuclear fragmentation. These constrictions were perpendicular to the main axis of the nucleus and symmetrical in the Nitella species but asymmetric in C. braunii, C. corallina, and in Nitellopsis obtusa. Statistical analysis of nuclear size, number and constriction sites indicate that fragmentation is a nonsynchronous process independent of the light-dark cycle.

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Section: Spindle-shaped Crystals Indicate Nuclear and Cellular Degenementioning

confidence: 97%

Nuclear crystals, lampbrush-chromosome-like structures, and perinuclear cytoskeletal elements associated with nuclear fragmentation in characean internodal cells

Foissner

Wasteneys

2000

Protoplasma

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“…With reference to this, the intranuclear inclusions is a new useful microcharacter. These inclusions, first observed under the light microscope, occur frequently throughout the plant kingdom, particularly in the subclass Asteridae (Thaler 1966;Speta 1977Speta , 1979. Their proteinic nature was explained either with cytochemical or proteolytic tests, though the functions in nuclear physiology are still not clear and actually they are under biochemical analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A survey on the intraclear inclusions in the Schrophulariaceae and their systematic significance

Bigazzi

1993

Nordic Journal of Botany

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Bigazzi, M. 1993. A survey on the intraclear inclusions in the Schrophulariaceae and their systematic significance. -Nord. J. Bot. 13: 19-31. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107-055x.A survey of nuclear inclusions in chlorenchyma cells is given for 290 taxa of the Scrophulariaceae, covering 72 genera; 172 are new data and the remainder are from previous reports by the author. In addition to the 5 types of nuclear inclusions already determined by their different ultrastructural morphology -amorphous (A), lamellar (L), fibrillar (F), tubular (T), and crystalline ( C ) -and to subtypes C2, three new subtypes -A2, L2, T2 -specific to certain genera or small groups of genera are reported. These new subtypes are described in detail and their distribution in the family discussed. Although the proteinic nature was unquestionably demonstrated, the origin and function of plant nuclear inclusions is far from being understood. In the Scrophulariaceae they have been recognized in 242 out of 290 taxa studied (83.4%), in a total of 60 out of 72 genera (83.3%). O n the basis of the occurrence and qualitative distribution of the nuclear inclusions, the family can be subdivided into four main group: 1) with lamellar inclusions, 2) with amorphous inclusions, 3) with inclusions other than those in the two former groups, and 4) with no nuclear inclusions. The relationship between the distribution on the nuclear inclusions throughout the family and the current systematic arrangement into subfamilies are analyzed and the transfer of some genera to different tribes or to a tribe of their own is proposed, e.g., in the case of Mimulus, Leucocarpus, Halleria, Russelia, Angelonia, Rehmannia, and Campylanthus. Finally, a possible evolutionary trend of the different types of nuclear inclusions based on their structural complexity and on the occurrence in allied families is offered.

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“…The occurrence of nuclear inclusions in plant cells, known at least since Radlkofer (1859), has repeatedly initiated intensive LM studies on their distribution backed by a strong taxonomic interest (see LM surveys by Thaler 1966, Speta 1977. In angiosperms nuclear inclusions, most often protein crystals, have been reported from a great variety of different tissues, including phloem-and ray parenchyma, and occur mainly in families of the subclass Asteridae: Bignoniaceae, Myoporaceae, Gesneriaceae, Scrophulanaceae, Plantaginaceae, Lentibulariaceae, Martyniaceae (all from Scrophulariales), Lamiaceae and Verben- aceae, as well as in Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Convolvulaceae, Campanulaceae, Monotropaceae, Oleaceae, Pyrolaceae, Solanaceae.…”

Section: Nuclear Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New evidence from the ultrastructural and micromorphological fields in angiosperm classification

Behnke

Barthlott

1983

Nordic Journal of Botany

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Based on TEM investigations of some 1850 species and SEM examinations of about 6000 species of the Angiospermae, this is a survey of ultrastructural and micromorphological data (excluding pollen wall characters) which contribute valuable information for the classification of angiosperms. TEM characters predominately relate to phloem features, such as sieve–element plastids and crystalline P–protein, and to those equally present in other tissues, e.g. nuclear protein crystals and dilated ER–cisternae (DC). Of these, the sieve–element plastids with their types and subtypes (S, PI–PVI) and their over 20 forms represent the most thoroughly investigated TEM character. SEM characters mainly relate to epidermal surface features and can be grouped into four categories: (1) Cellular arrangement or cellular pattern; (2) Shape of cells (the “primary sculpture” of a surface); (3) Relief of outer cell walls (“the secondary sculpture” superimposed on the primary sculpture), caused mainly by cuticular striations and superficially visible wall inclusions and wall thickenings; (4) Epicuticular secretions (the “tertiary sculpture” superimposed on the secondary sculpture), i.e. mainly waxes and related substances. Ultrastructural evidence from sieve–element plastids for the classification of Mag–noliiflorae, Caryophylliflorae, Fabiflorae and the unity of the Monocotyledoneae is discussed, while further plastid data are listed for single families (e.g. Buxaceae, Cyrillaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Eucryphiaceae, Gunneraceae, Rhizophoraceae, Vitaceae). Crystalline P–protein dominates in Malviflorae, Violiflorae and Fabiflorae. Nuclear protein crystals are a specific feature of sieve elements of Boraginaceae. DC characterize Capparales s.lat. Micromorphological evidence derived from specific trichomes is presented as an aid to the characterization of Urticales and Loasales, while a detailed analysis of the micromorphology of the seed coat of Cactaceae and Orchidaceae provided new information for the classification of these families at the tribal and generic levels. As a completely new systematic feature for the classification of the Monocotyledoneae first results of micromorphological differences in wax crystalloids and their orientation patterns are presented: The Liliiflorae s. str. are clearly separated against the Zingiberiflorae–Commeliniflorae (incl. Velloziales, Bromeliales, Typhales) and Areciflorae, both characterized by two mutually exclusive and very specific wax types and delimited against taxa with unspecific waxes in the rest of the monocotyledons and all dicotyledons.

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Eiweißkristalle in Pflanzenzellen

Cited by 11 publications

References 130 publications

Nuclear crystals, lampbrush-chromosome-like structures, and perinuclear cytoskeletal elements associated with nuclear fragmentation in characean internodal cells

Nuclear crystals, lampbrush-chromosome-like structures, and perinuclear cytoskeletal elements associated with nuclear fragmentation in characean internodal cells

A survey on the intraclear inclusions in the Schrophulariaceae and their systematic significance

New evidence from the ultrastructural and micromorphological fields in angiosperm classification

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