Ekstraksi Kalsium dari Cangkang Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis L.) dan Kerang Batik (Paphia undulata B.) dengan Metode Kalsinasi sebagai Sediaan Effervescent

Abstract

One of the solutions is the supplying of calcium effervescent powder as a source of calcium. The source of calcium that has not been processed maximally is the clam shell. Calcium from the clam shells will be extracted by calcination method at 900 °C for 4hours. The extracted clam shells powder are tested using XRD and analyzed using the Rietveld method. The particle sizes of calcium are determined by the Scherer equation. The best calcium is formulated into 3 formulations with several variations in composition. Evaluation of calcium effervescent powder includes organoleptic test, water content and dispersion time. The extracted calcium crystal diffractogram shows the CaO compound with cubic structure and space group FM3M. The particle sizes of CaO nanoparticles from green shells and batik were 88.7597nm and 96.66566nm, respectively. The best CaO based on χ2 values ​​and particle sizes are CaO from green clamshells. The organoleptic test of the three formulations produced the same data as yellow, granular shape, and citrus aroma. Formulation three is the best formulation based on the low water content and short dispersion time.

Calcium Extract Characterization from Rajungan Crab Shell (Portunus pelagicus) and Bakau Crab Shell (Scylla serrata) using Calcination as Effervescent

“…Each rajungan and bakau crab shell is cleaned first and then mashed. 100 grams of finely ground crab shell powder was calcined at 900 °C for 4 hours (Usman et al, 2020). Then it was weighed to determine the percentage (%) of the mass that is reduced by equation 1 below: where m0 = mass before calcination and m1 = mass after calcination.…”

“…The success rate of diffractogram analysis in the Highscore Plus is indicated by the low value of the Goodness of Fit (GoF) parameter (Toby, 2006) after the refinement process using the Rietveld method (Haikal & Prasetyo, 2021). The particle size analysis of calcium crystals (D) was based on the results of the diffractogram with the Scherrer equation (Usman et al, 2020) in equation 2 below: with K = 0.9 (Scherrer's constant); λ = 0.154060 nm (wavelength of light source); B = FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum) (radians); θ = Peak position (radians).…”

“…The PVP solution was added to mixtures 1 and 2 and then stirred until smooth. The mixture was dried at 50 °C using an oven to produce ground solids and sieved using a 40 mesh sieve (Usman et al, 2020). (Usman et al, 2020).…”

“…The mixture was dried at 50 °C using an oven to produce ground solids and sieved using a 40 mesh sieve (Usman et al, 2020). (Usman et al, 2020). The effervescent powder preparation was evaluated to see the organoleptic, dispersion time, and water content of the two formulas.…”

“…Calcination in extracting calcium from crab shells can remove organic compounds in the shells (Usman et al, 2020) and form calcium in oxide compounds (CaO) (Mukminin, 2018;Tahya et al, 2019). The decrease in powder mass indicated the loss of organic compounds in crab shell powder before and after calcining for 4 hours at 900 °C.…”