El Entierro 2 Del Sitio Cañadón Leona 5 (Región De Magallanes, Chile).: Viejos Huesos, Nuevos Datos

L’Heureux, Lorena; Amorosi, Tomas

doi:10.4067/s0718-22442009000200003

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Research into traumatic injuries of large samples associated with violence will be helpful in interpreting the possible paleodemographic changes produced during the Late Holocene and in responses to changes in climate and the availability of resources. Although violent episodes seem to be more common in the continent and in Northern Tierra del Fuego than in Southern Tierra del Fuego, attributed by some authors to population increase (e.g., L'Heureux and Amorosi 2009), the geographical distribution of trauma and its interpretation need more extended study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Moreover, Schinder and Guichón (2003) showed a higher prevalence in individuals with terrestrial (33%) and mixed (20%) diets than in those with marine (2%) diets. L'Heureux and Amorosi (2009) described 43% of the individuals in a sample of nine from the site Cañadón Leona 5 as exhibiting AMTL. In a sample from the postcontact period, García Laborde and others (2010) observed 33.3% of the individuals as exhibiting AMTL.…”

Section: Recent Paleopathological Researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleopathological Research in Southern Patagonia: An Approach to Understanding Stress and Disease in Hunter-Gatherer Populations

Suby¹

2020

Latin Am. antiq.

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This article reviews the most relevant data regarding evidence of stress and disease in native populations from Southern Patagonia and proposes future directions for paleopathological research. It focuses on the disease patterns in hunter-gatherer societies and the changes produced by contact and colonization. Studies of oral pathologies show a high frequency of dental attrition and low frequency of caries and antemortem tooth loss. Individuals with terrestrial dietary patterns show evidence of higher mechanical stress in the spine than those who participated in marine economies, based on the prevalence of Schmorl's nodes and vertebral osteophytosis. Porotic hyperostosis is more prevalent in individuals who had a marine diet and is probably related to nutritional impairment and parasitic infections. A higher frequency of metabolic stress was identified in individuals who lived in missions, perhaps because of declining quality in diet, hygiene, and living conditions. Paleoparasitological studies identified several species of parasites associated with human skeletons and terrestrial fauna. Moreover, recent studies suggested that treponematosis and tuberculosis were present in Patagonia since at least 1000 years BP. Future paleopathological research should increase the size and quality of studied samples and apply new methods and interpretive criteria. Detailed research into infections, degenerative joint diseases, and trauma (including violence episodes) has rarely been conducted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Recent Paleopathological Researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleopathological Research in Southern Patagonia: An Approach to Understanding Stress and Disease in Hunter-Gatherer Populations

Suby¹

2020

Latin Am. antiq.

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“…De acuerdo con las interpretaciones realizadas por diferentes autores, las lesiones antemortem fueron causadas por accidentes o por episodios de violencia interpersonal (Constantinescu 2003;L'Heureux y Amorosi 2009;Underdown 2012). En cambio, todas las lesiones de tipo perimortem fueron relacionadas a heridas por proyectiles líticos en la pelvis y golpes en el cráneo que pudieron ser intencionales, probablemente a través del uso de bolas de boleadoras (Suby y Guichón 2010;Suby et al 2008), lo que indica claros eventos de violencia interpersonal.…”

Section: Interpretación De Lesiones Traumáticas En Patagonia Australunclassified

Trauma Y Violencia en Patagonia Austral. Interpretación De Evidencias Bioarqueologicas Y Perspectivas Futuras

Flensborg

Suby

2020

Chungará (Arica)

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En este trabajo se revisan y analizan los reportes de traumas en restos humanos de Patagonia Austral, discutiendo sus posibles implicancias bioarqueológicas y exponiendo los futuros pasos que a nuestro criterio deberían seguir las investigaciones de este tipo de lesiones patológicas en la región. Sobre un total de 126 esqueletos humanos, se reportaron 15 (11,9%) individuos adultos con traumas, principalmente individuos masculinos. Todas las lesiones fueron identificadas en restos del Holoceno Tardío, aunque algunas se registraron en esqueletos sin información cronológica. Se observaron depresiones en los cráneos, fracturas en huesos largos, cortos y vértebras e inclusiones de puntas de proyectil en coxales y cráneos. La mayoría de las lesiones son antemortem y fueron relacionadas con accidentes y violencia, seguidas por perimortem, que en todos los casos fueron vinculadas a eventos de violencia interpersonal. Aunque sin diferencias significativas, las subregiones de Santa Cruz/Magallanes y norte de Tierra del Fuego presentan frecuencias más elevadas de traumas y de casos relacionados con violencia interpersonal que el sur de Tierra del Fuego, indicando posibles variaciones en la exposición a accidentes y en las relaciones sociales de conflicto, así como contrastes en la intensidad de las investigaciones. Los porcentajes y los tipos de lesiones son similares a aquellos traumas informados para otras regiones de Patagonia. Por último, no se observan evidencias de aumento de tensión social que acompañen el proceso de aumento demográfico identificado durante el Holoceno Tardío en Patagonia Austral.Palabras claves: lesiones traumáticas, restos óseos humanos, Patagonia Austral, Holoceno Tardío.In this work, reports of traumas in human remains from Southern Patagonia are reviewed and analyzed. Also, bioarchaeological implications and the future steps of trauma investigations are discussed. Considering a total sample of 126 skeletons, fifteen (11.9%) adult individuals, mainly male individuals. were identified with reports of traumas. All lesions were recorded in individuals of the late Holocene, although some were recorded in remains that lacked chronological information. Depressions in the skulls, fractures in long and short bones as well as vertebrae, and inclusions of projectile points in coxal bones and skulls were observed. Most lesions are antemortem, associated with accidents and violence, followed in frequency by perimortem lesions that were always linked to interpersonal violence events. The subregions of Santa Cruz / Magallanes and North of Tierra del Fuego have the highest frequencies of trauma and cases related to interpersonal violence, in comparison with the South of Tierra del Fuego, but without statistically significant differences. This could indicate variations in exposure to accidents and social conflicts as well as differences in the intensity of the investigations. The percentages and types of injuries are similar to those traumas reported for other regions from Southern Patagonia. Finally, there is n...

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“…Possibly related to this fact, no cemeteries from prehistorical times were found. The majority of burials in southern Patagonia include only one isolated individual (Guichón, Barberena, & Borrero, 2001;Suby et al, 2017), and only a few of multiple burial from prehistoric times were found (e.g., L'Heureux & Barberena, 2008;L'Heureux & Amorosi, 2009, 2010Santiago et al, 2011). As a consequence, the bioarchaeological record from southern Patagonia is relatively scarce and fragmentary.…”

Section: Ethnographic and Archaeological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in human ancient skeletal remains from Late Holocene in southern Patagonia

Suby

Giberto

2018

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Low prevalence of caries, high stages of dental attrition (DA), and moderate frequency of antemortem tooth loss (AMTL) were found in skeletal remains of hunter‐gatherers from southern Patagonia. However, osteoarthritis (OA) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), possible related to oral health, has not been studied so far. The influence of hunter‐gatherer living conditions on the development of TMJ‐OA was scarcely evaluated, and analyses of degenerative changes of TMJ in nonindustrialized groups are needed. The aim of this study is to analyse the association between degenerative changes of TMJ, oral disease, and palaeodietary patterns in skeletal remains of hunter‐gatherers from southern Patagonia. Degenerative changes of TMJ were recorded in 25 adult skulls of both sexes. Eburnation of articular eminence and/or mandibular condyle was considered as pathognomonic of OA. In the absence of eburnation, OA was diagnosed when two or more of the following lesions were identified: (a) new bone formation on joint surface, (b) new bone formation of joint margins, (c) porosity on the joint surface, and (d) modification of joint contour. In the studied skeletons, it was found that OA prevalence is 28%, similar to those observed in other hunter‐gatherer populations elsewhere. TMJ‐OA is mostly related to AMTL and older age, but no relation was found with caries and DA, sex, region, dietary patterns, and chronology. However, consumption of terrestrial resources in the diet cannot be discarded as a related factor. Further studies are necessary to explore the morphological variability of the mandible and its possible relationship with different diets and dental pathologies in these populations.

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El Entierro 2 Del Sitio Cañadón Leona 5 (Región De Magallanes, Chile).: Viejos Huesos, Nuevos Datos

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Paleopathological Research in Southern Patagonia: An Approach to Understanding Stress and Disease in Hunter-Gatherer Populations

Paleopathological Research in Southern Patagonia: An Approach to Understanding Stress and Disease in Hunter-Gatherer Populations

Trauma Y Violencia en Patagonia Austral. Interpretación De Evidencias Bioarqueologicas Y Perspectivas Futuras

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in human ancient skeletal remains from Late Holocene in southern Patagonia

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