El Niño‐Southern Oscillation Impacts on Global Wave Climate and Potential Coastal Hazards

Odériz, Itxaso; Silva, R.; Mortlock, Thomas; Mori, Nobuhito

doi:10.1029/2020jc016464

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…Waves occur naturally in all coastal areas; however, the patterns of wave persistence, intensity, and direction are changing because of human activities. These changes are mainly associated with local infrastructure, dredging activities, sea-level rise, and the expansion of the tropics (e.g., changes in power, persistence, and direction of the waves [18]).…”

Section: Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework to Manage Coastal Squeeze

et al. 2020

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The coastal zone is in a critical state worldwide, due to the loss and fragmentation of its ecosystems. Much of this is caused by long-term anthropic local, regional, or global actions, which drive coastal squeeze processes. Most of the criteria to evaluate the effects of coastal squeeze are focused on merely identifying its effect on the coastal zone. Here, we propose a framework to manage (identify, analyze, quantify, and tackle) the effect of coastal squeeze. This DESCR framework examines the relations between Drivers, Exchanges, and States of the environment to subsequently evaluate the chronic, negative Consequences and determine possible Responses. To illustrate the application of the DESCR framework, the coastal zone of Puerto Morelos, in the Mexican Caribbean, was studied using this approach. We analyzed the systemic interactions among the coastal ecosystems in this area, such as coral reefs, seagrass beds, beach, coastal dunes, and mangroves, which have been altered over the last decades, resulting in a severe coastal squeeze. Recommended responses include urgent measures for ecosystem management to mitigate the coastal squeeze.

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Section: Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework to Manage Coastal Squeeze

et al. 2020

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“…This may be because the El Niño and La Niña events have a slight time lag (Figure 3). Ref [69] showed that the ONI explains better the multiannual wave climate variation in the tropical Pacific. Thus, further analyses are needed to see whether there are any relationships with local vulnerability as already described for climatology [70,71], fisheries [72], or nutrients [73].…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of Subaerial and Submarine Landscapes: The Sand Falls in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico

Alcérreca‐Huerta

Montiel-Hernández

Callejas-Jiménez

et al. 2020

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The coastal landscape of the south of the Baja California peninsula provides significant socio-economic benefits based on tourism. An analysis of coastal vulnerability was conducted for Cabo San Lucas, considering wave climate conditions, sediment characterization, beach profiles, and the historical occurrence of coastline changes, hurricanes, and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The coastal scenery was also classified considering the landscape value of the environment from a touristic point of view, based on human and natural interactions on the landscape. Results show that the vulnerability increases close to the submarine sand falls, near intense urbanization, in resort areas, and at locations with narrow beach and dune widths. The degree of vulnerability along the coast alters abruptly, as urban and recreational sites alternate with natural sites. This coastline has seen exponential development since the 1980s, resulting in highly vulnerable areas with a low, and decreasing, touristic value, as the landscape has been changed into an urban settlement with limited natural attractions. Urban and recreational settlements threaten to cover dunes and reservoirs of natural sediments, increasingly affecting vulnerability in the area as well as the landscape values of many parts of the coast, including the submarine sand falls.

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“…The interannual variability of the global wave climate is principally governed by ENSO (Barnard et al., 2015; Odériz, Silva, Mortlock, & Mori, 2020; Stopa & Cheung, 2014). The ENSO signal can be either amplified or dampened by extratropical, multidecadal signals, such as the PDO (Newman et al., 2003) and SAM (Clem et al., 2020), that in turn impact ocean wave conditions (Bromirski et al., 2013; Godoi & Júnior, 2020; Hemer et al., 2010; Odériz, Silva, Mortlock, & Mori et al., 2020). SAM is also the dominant large‐scale pattern of the Southern Ocean (Wang & Cai, 2013).…”

Section: Tropical and Extratropical Natural Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be associated with above‐average tropical cyclone activity in the Pacific (Bell & Chelliah, 2006) during El Niño, and we should be cautious of taking only this averaged WCT for representing the region. On the other hand, the ENSO‐negative phase weakens the Icelandic Low (Odériz, Silva, Mortlock, & Mori, 2020), and when is coupled with SAM a PDO, influences the dynamics of the polar WCT in the North Atlantic ( ∼7 kW/m).…”

Section: Tropical and Extratropical Natural Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%