The article responds to a result related to the theoretical foundations on health promotion, disease prevention in older adults, well-being environments and quality of life corresponding to the research project “Health promotion and disease prevention for the improvement of "the quality of life of the elderly of the Clemencia Foundation and the Sofía Ratinoff Asylum of the City of Guayaquil." In it, a compilation of relevant research and studies on active aging was carried out, addressing factors associated with subjective well-being, the perception of quality of life, and the influence of comprehensive health care programs in older adults. A qualitative methodology was worked on; Documentary research was developed, particularly bibliographic review, for the construction of a theoretical framework, and a variety of theoretical methods were used, such as analysis and synthesis, inductive-deductive, with the objective of critically and reflexively analyzing the existing literature on the active aging and quality of life, to take a position from a comprehensive vision. The results obtained during the research highlight the need for holistic interventions adapted to the reality of the context, and the implementation of educational programs to face the challenges of aging.