Untitled

Laitinen, Marja-Leena; Julkunen‐Tiitto, Riitta; Rousi, Matti

doi:10.1023/a:1005582611863

Cited by 93 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The trees that grow in Kuikanniitty consist of the micropropagated progeny of 30 B. pendula trees (Laitinen et al, 2005), selected from a nearby 0.9-ha forest stand (Laitinen et al, 2000). The source stand was naturally regenerated after 1979 logging and the selected mother trees grow in six groups, located 10–60 m apart.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intraspecific genotypic variation in secondary metabolites can be equally substantial as shown for tree species in Betula (Keinänen et al, 1999; Laitinen et al, 2000, 2005), Populus (Schweitzer et al, 2008b), Alnus (Lecerf and Chauvet, 2008), and Salix (Heiska et al, 2007). Genetic variation is a prerequisite for natural selection and evolution, but recent evidence suggests that it can also shape local communities and control ecosystem functioning, especially when found in a dominant plant species (Whitham et al, 2008; Genung et al, 2011; Pastor, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The studies have covered tree growth (Prittinen et al, 2003; Silfver et al, 2009; Mikola et al, 2014) and physiology (Silfver et al, 2008; Possen et al, 2014) as well as herbivore susceptibility (Rousi et al, 1991, 1997; Pusenius et al, 2002; Sinkkonen et al, 2012) and decomposition of leaf litter (Silfver et al, 2007, 2015). Foliar secondary metabolites (Keinänen and Julkunen-Tiitto, 1998; Laitinen et al, 2000), their genotypic variation and role in herbivore and stress responses (Mutikainen et al, 2000; Yamaji et al, 2003) are equally well known for B. pendula . For example, the flavonoid aglycones and triterpenoids found on B. pendula leaf surface can impair the growth and survival of Lymantria dispar larvae (Martemyanov et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Intrapopulation Genotypic Variation of Foliar Secondary Chemistry during Leaf Senescence and Litter Decomposition in Silver Birch (Betula pendula)

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abundant secondary metabolites, such as condensed tannins, and their interpopulation genotypic variation can remain through plant leaf senescence and affect litter decomposition. Whether the intrapopulation genotypic variation of a more diverse assortment of secondary metabolites equally persists through leaf senescence and litter decomposition is not well understood. We analyzed concentrations of intracellular phenolics, epicuticular flavonoid aglycones, epicuticular triterpenoids, condensed tannins, and lignin in green leaves, senescent leaves and partly decomposed litter of silver birch, Betula pendula. Broad-sense heritability (H2) and coefficient of genotypic variation (CVG) were estimated for metabolites in senescent leaves and litter using 19 genotypes selected from a B. pendula population in southern Finland. We found that most of the secondary metabolites remained through senescence and decomposition and that their persistence was related to their chemical properties. Intrapopulation H2 and CVG for intracellular phenolics, epicuticular flavonoid aglycones and condensed tannins were high and remarkably, increased from senescent leaves to decomposed litter. The rank of genotypes in metabolite concentrations was persistent through litter decomposition. Lignin was an exception, however, with a diminishing genotypic variation during decomposition, and the concentrations of lignin and condensed tannins had a negative genotypic correlation in the senescent leaves. Our results show that secondary metabolites and their intrapopulation genotypic variation can for the most part remain through leaf senescence and early decomposition, which is a prerequisite for initial litter quality to predict variation in litter decomposition rates. Persistent genotypic variation also opens an avenue for selection to impact litter decomposition in B. pendula populations through acting on their green foliage secondary chemistry. The negative genotypic correlations and diminishing heritability of lignin concentrations may, however, counteract this process.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intrapopulation Genotypic Variation of Foliar Secondary Chemistry during Leaf Senescence and Litter Decomposition in Silver Birch (Betula pendula)

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The concentration of tannins varies between plant species (Schultz et al 1982), within populations and also over the year, depending on the development phase of the leaves (Laitinen et al 2000). Thus, for herbivores that feed at the beginning of the season, when the leaves have a high nutritive value, there are plenty of water and low concentrations of tannins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The specific response of gypsy moth A1 neurosecretory neurons to different environmental stressors

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in the number and morphometric parameters of A1 neurosecretory neurons (nsn) were analyzed in Lymantria dispar 4 th instar caterpillars, exposed for 3 days to different stressors: cadmium, high temperature and tannic acid. The relative cytoplasm density of A1 nsn was also estimated. Caterpillars reared on a diet supplemented with cadmium exhibited increased size of A1 nuclei (10 and 250 µg Cd per g of dry food weight), increased number of nucleolii in nuclei and raised relative cytoplasm density in all experimental groups. Cadmium obviously induces intensive synthetic activity in A1 nsn. The second stressor was high environmental temperature of 35• C. Decrease of all analyzed morphometric parameters suggests that acute exposure of 4 th instar caterpillars to 35• C, as well as 12 h recovery at optimal temperature of 23• C, reduced the activity of A1 nsn. Tannic acid was added to the artificial diet in the following concentrations: 1%, 2.5% and 5%. All estimated morphological parameters did not change after addition 1 and 2.5% of tannic acid. After addition of 5% of tannic acid, the activity of A1 nsn declined.

show abstract

“…The 22 different genotypes of B. pendula were cloned during spring 1998 from randomly selected B. pendula trees taken from a naturally regenerated B. pendula - B. pubescens Ehr forest in Punkaharju, southeastern Finland (61°48′ N, 29°18′ E), to study genetic variation in phenology, growth, reproduction and resistance-related traits among individual birch trees 25 . Sampling was stratified random sampling: six spots where forest lift could be transferred were first selected around the forest, and 2–5 trees within the reach of forest lift in each spot were then randomly (by throwing a coin) selected for our study purposes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and environmental determinants of insect herbivore community structure in a Betula pendula population

Silfver

Rousi²,

Oksanen

et al. 2014

F1000Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A number of recent studies have shown that intraspecific genetic variation of plants may have a profound effect on the herbivorous communities which depend on them. However less is known about the relative importance of intraspecific variation compared to other ecological factors, for example environmental variation or the effects of herbivore damage. We randomly selected 22 Betula pendula genotypes from a local population (< 0.9 ha), cloned them and planted cloned seedlings on two study sites separated at a regional scale (distance between sites about 30 km) to examine an insect community of 23-27 species on these genotypes. B. pendula genotypes did not differ in their species richness, but the total mean abundance and the structure of the insect herbivore community was significantly affected by the genotype, which could account for up to 27% of the total variation in community structure. B. pendula genotype accounted for two to four times more variation in the arthropod community structure than did environmental (block) variation on a local scale, while on a regional scale, genotypic and environmental (site) variation accounted for 4-14% of the arthropod community structure. The genetic effects were modified by environmental variation on both a local and regional scale over one study year, and locally, the largest part of the variation (38%) could be explained by the genotype × environment (block) interactions. Suppression of insect herbivores during one growing season led to changed arthropod community structure in the following growing season, but this effect was minimal and could explain only 4% of the total variation in insect community structure. Our results suggest that both genetic and environmental factors are important determinants of the community structure of herbivorous insects. Together these mechanisms appear to maintain the high diversity of insects in B. pendula forest ecosystems.

show abstract

Untitled

Cited by 93 publications

References 21 publications

Intrapopulation Genotypic Variation of Foliar Secondary Chemistry during Leaf Senescence and Litter Decomposition in Silver Birch (Betula pendula)

Intrapopulation Genotypic Variation of Foliar Secondary Chemistry during Leaf Senescence and Litter Decomposition in Silver Birch (Betula pendula)

The specific response of gypsy moth A1 neurosecretory neurons to different environmental stressors

Genetic and environmental determinants of insect herbivore community structure in a Betula pendula population

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About