Elaeophora schneideri Wehr and Dickmans, 1935 in White-tailed Deer from the Edwards Plateau of Texas

Waid, Douglas D.; Warren, Robert J.; Pence, Danny B.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-20.4.342

Cited by 4 publications

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“…In the southeastern United States, sublingual impactions, which apparently are unique to white-tailed deer, have been reported only from areas where E. schneideri is enzootic in whitetails (Prestwood and Ridgeway, 1972;Hibler and Prestwood, 1981). Identical impactions also have been reported in white-tailed deer from Kerr County, Texas (Van Volkenberg and Taylor, 1943), and though the deer were not examined for arterial worms at the time of that study, more recent reports have indicated that the parasite is enzootic in Kerr County (Robinson et al, 1978;Waid et al, 1984). Neither of the latter workers reported food impactions in infected white-tailed deer, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Elaeophorosis in White-Tailed Deer: Pathology of the Natural Disease and Its Relation to Oral Food Impactions

Couvillion¹,

Nettles²,

Rawlings³

et al. 1986

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:The lesions of naturally occurring elaeophorosis in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus uirginianus) were studied. Arterial changes caused by adult Elaeophora schneideri occurred mainly in cephalic arteries and were characterized by circumferential intimal thickening, disruption of the internal elastic lamina, and verminous thrombosis. Microfilariae caused focal necrosis and fibrosis in the myocardium, but produced only minor changes in other tissues. Radiographic studies indicated that E. schneideri can cause impairment of the cephalic arterial circulation in white-tailed deer. Eleven of 14 (78%) infected deer had oral food impactions, with sublingual impactions being most common. Seven deer with impactions had other oral pathologic conditions, such as gingivitis, loose or absent premolar and/or molar teeth, and remodeling and/or lysis of mandibular bone. The evidence indicates a relation between food impactions and infection by E . schneideri in white-tailed deer, but no definitive connection was established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Elaeophorosis in White-Tailed Deer: Pathology of the Natural Disease and Its Relation to Oral Food Impactions

Couvillion¹,

Nettles²,

Rawlings³

et al. 1986

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…In these hosts, prevalence of E. schneideri is high, reaching levels of 78–100% [ 26 , 32 ]. However, the parasite has also been reported in white-tailed deer in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina and Texas with a much lower prevalence of 2–10% [ 24 , 40 ]. It is speculated that the emergence of E. schneideri in the southeastern USA is a consequence of the translocation of infected deer from endemic areas in the West [ 25 , 31 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of the arterial worm Elaeophora schneideri in moose (Alces alces) and tabanid fly vectors in northeastern Minnesota, USA

Grunenwald

Butler²,

Wünschmann

et al. 2018

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundMoose (Alces alces) are a culturally and economically valued species in Minnesota. However, the moose population has experienced a sudden, marked decline in their range, including extirpation in the northwest and a 66% decline in the last decade in the northeast portions of the state. Although the exact cause of this decline is unclear, parasitic metastrongylid and filarioid nematode infections are known causes of morbidity and mortality in moose across North America.MethodsTo determine if these parasitic nematodes could be contributing to the Minnesota moose population decline, we molecularly examined banked tissues obtained from moose that died of known and unknown causes for the presence of nematode DNA. Extracted brain DNA of 34 individual moose was amplified utilizing primers targeting the 18S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer regions of nematodes.ResultsDNA sequencing revealed that PCR products obtained from 15 (44.1%) of the moose were 99% identical to Parelaphostrongylus tenuis, a metastrongylid known to cause neurological disease and death. Additionally, brain tissue from 20 (58.8%) individuals yielded sequences that most closely aligned with Elaeophora schneideri, a parasite associated with neurological impairment but previously unreported in Minnesota. Setaria yehi, a common filarioid parasite of deer, was also detected in the brain tissue of 5 (14.7%) moose. Molecular screening of 618 captured tabanid flies from four trapping sites revealed E. schneideri was present (6%) in the Minnesota environment and transmission could occur locally. Prevalence rates among the flies ranged between 0–100% per trapping site, with Chrysops spp. and Hybomitra spp. implicated as the vectors.ConclusionsUltimately, these data confirm that P. tenuis is widespread in the Minnesota moose population and raises the question of the significance of E. schneideri as a contributing factor to morbidity and mortality in moose.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3077-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Elaeophora schneideri (Nematoda: Filariidae) was first described by Wehr and Dikmans (1935) in domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) from New Mexico, and has been reported subsequently from seven Western states: Arizona (Hibler and Adcock, 1968), California (Weinmann et al, 1973), Colorado (Madden, et al, 1991), Montana (Worley, 1975), Texas (Waid et al, 1984), Utah (Jensen et al, 1982), and Wyoming (Abdelbaki, 1975). In addition, it has also been reported from three Southeastern states: Georgia, Florida, and South Carolina (Couvillion et al, 1984) as well as from British Columbia in Canada (Cowan, 1946).…”

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confidence: 99%

First Observation of Elaeophora schneideri Wehr and Dikmans, 1935 (Nematoda: Filariidae) in Mule Deer from Nebraska

McKown

Sterner

Oates

2007

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Between November 2000 and November 2005, approximately 200 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) and whitetailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from western Nebraska were extensively examined for the presence of Elaeophora schneideri, Wehr and Dikmans, 1935; three adult E. schneideri were detected from three mule deer. This represents the first documented occurrence of E. schneideri from wild deer in Nebraska.

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Elaeophora schneideri Wehr and Dickmans, 1935 in White-tailed Deer from the Edwards Plateau of Texas

Abstract: The arterial nematode, Elaeophona

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Elaeophorosis in White-Tailed Deer: Pathology of the Natural Disease and Its Relation to Oral Food Impactions

Elaeophorosis in White-Tailed Deer: Pathology of the Natural Disease and Its Relation to Oral Food Impactions

Emergence of the arterial worm Elaeophora schneideri in moose (Alces alces) and tabanid fly vectors in northeastern Minnesota, USA

First Observation of Elaeophora schneideri Wehr and Dikmans, 1935 (Nematoda: Filariidae) in Mule Deer from Nebraska

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