The elastic behavior and the pressure-induced structural evolution of a natural nepheline (K 0.54 Na 3.24 Ca 0.03 Al 4 Si 4 O 16 ) were investigated by in-situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction up to 7.5 GPa with a diamond anvil cell under hydrostatic conditions. As observed in previous studies, at room conditions the diffraction pattern of nepheline includes satellite refl ections, whereas the structure refi nement to the Bragg refl ections confi rms that the O1 site is displaced from the triad at (2/3, 1/3, z). The refl ection conditions confi rm that the space group of the average structure of nepheline remains as P6 3 throughout the pressure range investigated, and no signifi cant compression of the T-O bonds was measured up to 7.5 GPa. As pressure was increased to around 1 GPa the integrated intensities of the satellites decreased slightly, and at 1.8 GPa no signifi cant intensity of the satellites was detected. Over the same pressure range the O1 site moved toward the triad and thus the tilts of the T1 and T2 tetrahedra decreased. The presence of the subsidiary non-Bragg refl ections is therefore related to the split of the O1 site. When the satellites disappear at pressures above 2 GPa, the O1 site is on the triad at (2/3, 1/3, z), corresponding to a straight T1-O1-T2 bond. Below 2 GPa the structure responds to increased pressure by tilting of all four tetrahedra and above 2 GPa by tilting of the T3 and T4 tetrahedra alone. The change in compression mechanism arising from the changes in the O1 position is associated with changes in the compression of the unit-cell axes and the unit-cell volume. The volume can be described by fourth-order Birch-Murnaghan equation-of-state with parameters V 0 = 723.57(4) Å 3 , K T0 = 47.32(26) GPa, K' = 2.77(24), and K'' = 0.758(79) GPa -1 . The elastic behavior along the a-and c-axis can be described with a "linearized" fourth-order Birch-Murnaghan equations-of-state, with the following refi ned parameters: a 0 = 9.9911(2) Å, K T0 (a) = 43.1(3) GPa, K'(a) = 2.5(3), and K''(a) = 0.68(8) GPa -1 for the a-axis and c 0 = 8.3700(1) Å, K T0 (c) = 58.6(3) GPa, K'(c) = 4.0(3), and K''(c) = 0.85(11) GPa -1 for the c-axis. The pressure-induced structural evolution in nepheline up to 7.5 GPa appears to be completely reversible. The recovery of the modulation upon complete pressure release points to the framework of nepheline having an instability corresponding to a rigid-unit mode with a wave vector corresponding to the observed positions of the satellite refl ections.