Elastic and transport properties of an in situ jointed granite

Pratt, H.R.; Swolfs, H.S.; Brace, W. F.; Black, A.D.; Handin, John

doi:10.1016/0148-9062(77)90560-5

Cited by 80 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Witherspoon et al (1979) suggested a size effect on the experimentally determined hydraulic properties of rock fractures. This suggestion was based on data from experiments carried out on an ultralarge core (0.95 m in diameter), an in situ block test (1 m 2 ) reported by Pratt et al (1977), and smaller laboratory samples (0.15 m in diameter) reported by Iwai (1976). Their results presented in Figure 5 showed that at the maximum stress level that could be attained (10 -20 MPa), the minimum values of fracture hydraulic conductivity were not the same for each rock specimen, but increased with specimen size.…”

Section: Mechanical Shear Behaviormentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of hydromechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering

Rutqvist

Stephansson

2003

Hydrogeology Journal

579

332

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This paper provides a review of hydromechanical (HM) couplings in fractured rock, with special emphasis on HM interactions as a result of or directly connected with human activities. In the early 1960s, the coupling between hydraulic and mechanical processes in fractured rock started to receive wide attention. A series of events-including dam failures, landslides, and injection-induced earthquakes-were believed to result from HM interaction. Moreover, the advent of the computer technology in the 1970s made possible the integration of nonlinear processes such as stress-permeability coupling and rock mass failure into coupled HM analysis. Coupled HM analysis is currently being applied to many geological engineering practices. One key parameter in such analysis is a good estimate of the relationship between stress and permeability. Based on available laboratory and field data it was found that the permeability of fractured rock masses tends to be most sensitive to stress changes at shallow depth (low stress) and in areas of low in situ permeability. In highly permeable fractured rock sections, fluid flow may take place in clusters of connected fractures that are locked open as a result of previous shear dislocation or partial cementation of hard mineral filling. Such locked open fractures tend to be relatively insensitive to stress and may therefore be conductive at great depths.Because of out the great variability of HM properties in fractured rock, and the difficulties in using laboratory data for deriving in situ material properties, the HM properties of fractured rock masses are best characterized in situ.

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Section: Mechanical Shear Behaviormentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of hydromechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering

Rutqvist

Stephansson

2003

Hydrogeology Journal

579

332

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“…Laboratory studies with both induced fractures (Gale, 1975;Iwai, 1976) and natural ones (Gale, 1980b), as well as a field study with natural fractures (Pratt et al, 1977) have shown that a rapid decrease in fracture permeability occurs with increase in normal stress. The fractures tested varied in cross section from 0.02 m2 to over 1.0 m2.…”

Section: 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In-situ field tests of the permeability of a natural fracture exposed at the surface in granite as a function of confining stress have been reported by Pratt et al (1977). The permeability tests used two vertical boreholes drilled about 1m apart along a vertical weathered fracture.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Sample Size on the Stress-Permeability Relationship for Natural Fractures

Gale¹,

Raven²

1980

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“…k is known to suffer large variations with type of rocks and their thermo-dynamical state (see for instance TURCOTTE and SCHUBERT, 1982) and moreover local variation of k has been inferred near the fault (JOURDE et al, 2002). Several laboratory results (BRACE et al, 1968;PRATT et al, 1977;BRACE, 1978;HUENGES and WILL, 1989) supported the idea that k is an explicit function of r n eff . A reasonable relation (RICE, 1992) is:…”

Section: Permeability Changesmentioning

confidence: 68%

What Does Control Earthquake Ruptures and Dynamic Faulting? A Review of Different Competing Mechanisms

Bizzarri

2009

Pure appl. geophys.

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The fault weakening occurring during an earthquake and the temporal evolution of the traction on a seismogenic fault depend on several physical mechanisms, potentially concurrent and interacting. Recent laboratory experiments and geological field observations of natural faults revealed the presence, and sometime the coexistence, of thermally activated processes (such as thermal pressurization of pore fluids, melting of gouge and rocks, material property changes, thermally-induced chemical environment evolution), elasto-dynamic lubrication, porosity and permeability evolution, gouge fragmentation and wear, etc. In this paper, by reviewing in a unifying sketch all possible chemico-physical mechanisms that can affect the traction evolution, we suggest how they can be incorporated in a realistic fault governing equation. We will also show that simplified theoretical models that idealistically neglect these phenomena appear to be inadequate to describe as realistically as possible the details of breakdown process (i.e., the stress release) and the consequent high frequency seismic wave radiation. Quantitative estimates show that in most cases the incorporation of such nonlinear phenomena has significant, often dramatic, effects on the fault weakening and on the dynamic rupture propagation. The range of variability of the value of some parameters, the uncertainties in the relative weight of the various competing mechanisms, and the difference in their characteristic length and time scales sometime indicate that the formulation of a realistic governing law still requires joint efforts from theoretical models, laboratory experiments and field observations.

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Elastic and transport properties of an in situ jointed granite

Cited by 80 publications

References 8 publications

The role of hydromechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering

The role of hydromechanical coupling in fractured rock engineering

Effects of Sample Size on the Stress-Permeability Relationship for Natural Fractures

What Does Control Earthquake Ruptures and Dynamic Faulting? A Review of Different Competing Mechanisms

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