Elastic moduli of transversely isotropic graphite fibers and their composites

Micromechanical effective elastic moduli of continuous fiber-reinforced composites with near-field fiber interactions

“…From these results, it is clear that there Fig. 7 Comparison between the theoretical predictions and the experimental data [28,29] for the effective longitudinal Young's modulus E * L . Carbon-epoxy composite: (1) LT = 24 GPa Fig.…”

“…Carbon-epoxy composite: (1) LT = 24 GPa Fig. 8 Comparison between the theoretical predictions and the experimental data [28,29] for the effective transverse shear modulus μ * LT . Carbon-epoxy composite:…”

Determination of Elastic Constants of Anisotropic Materials from Oblique Angle Ultrasonic Wave Measurements II: Experimental

“…where d is the thickness of the plate, 9 i and CPiare the spherical polar angles of incidence, Vw is the phase velocity in couplant fluid (generally water) , (2) where t w is the propagation time for the pulse from transmitter to receiver …”

“…The most common technique used to determine the elastic constants of anisotropic materials from ultrasonic wave speed measurements requires cutting the material into a number of samples such that particular symmetry directions can be accessed for normal incidence wave speed measurements [1,2] . This is a destructive technique and is not feasible for thin or inhomogeneous anisotropic materials.…”

Ultrasonic Evaluation of in-Plane and out-of-Plane Elastic Properties of Composite Materials

“…The full set of elastic constants was measured later by Kriz . and Stinchcomb [4] on samples cut out in different directions from a composite plate. Recently several works have appeared where the set of elastic constants was measured by using Markham's technique [5][6][7].…”