Elastic–plastic stress analysis and expansion of plastic zone in clamped and simply supported thermoplastic-matrix laminated plates with square hole

FEM analysis of laminated composite plate with rectangular hole and various elastic modulus under transverse loads

“…where U b , and U s are the strain energy of bending and of shear, respectively, and V presents potential energy of external forces [2,3,12]. U b , U s , and V are given by,…”

“…In addition to this, in this numerical solution, ply orientations in the laminated plate made of different materials and stacking sequences were changed for woven fiber type. The layers in the laminated plate are meshed into 64 elements and 288 nodes according to the literature values [3,12]. The laminated plates were divided into eight imaginary parts.…”

“…The following assumptions are fundamental to lamination theory; the laminate consists of perfectly bonded layers (lamina), each layer is homogeneous material with known effective properties, individual layer properties can be isotropic, orthotropic or transversely isotropic, end each layer is in satieties plane-stress condition [18]. The first-order shear deformation theory was used in this solution, normal to the middle surface remain straight and normal during deformation [2,3,18]. The midsurface of the plate is the same with x-y surface.…”

“…where D b and D s are the bending and shear parts of the material matrix, respectively [3,[19][20][21][22][23].…”

“…The residual stresses acquired can be used to raise the yield points of the laminated plates. Prediction and measurement of the plastic regions and residual stresses are important in relation to production, design, and performance of composite components [3]. Portu et al have studied the effect of residual stresses on the fracture behavior of notched laminated composites loaded in flexural geometry [4].…”