Elastic properties of polyethylene from high pressure sound speed measurements

Jordan, Jennifer L.; Rowland, R. L.; Greenhall, John; Moss, Eric K.; Huber, Rachel C.; Willis, Elisha Cade; Hrubiak, Rostislav; Kenney‐Benson, Curtis; Bartram, Brian; Sturtevant, Blake T.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123164

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…While the above x-ray characterization (EDXD, radiography, absorption) may be viewed as the base setup, other techniques for macroscopic properties, such as sound speed (Deng et al 2019 ) (Jordan et al 2021 ), elastic and plastic deformation studies, fluid viscosity, density, liquid (im)miscibility (Kono et al 2015 ), and thermo-electric properties (Baker et al 2021 ) can be implemented as requested. The established characterization techniques (Kono et al 2014 ) include ultrasound echo, falling sphere viscometry, monochromatic x-ray absorption scanning, phase contrast radiography, and specialty sample cells with electrical probes (Baker et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sound velocity can be highly sensitive to atomistic structural changes in material, thus integrating sound velocity measurement and x-ray diffraction-based structural measurements at HPCAT has provided information for an in-depth physical understanding of materials’ properties (Kono et al 2014 ; Deng et al 2019 ; Jordan et al 2021 ). Conceptually, the ultrasound transducer is attached behind the top anvil of the PE press that generates and receives elastic waves (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Software for automation of experiment workflow (new in-house GUI-driven software). Ultrasound data reduction and analysis (Sturtevant et al 2020 ; Jordan et al 2021 ). Specialized sample containment (Jacobsen and Velisavljevic 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PE press and the integrated x-ray and other optical and ultrasonic techniques have been widely used for addressing problems in multidisciplinary fields. In recent research activities, elasticities of materials have been determined using simultaneous structural probes and sound speed measurements (Kono et al 2015 ; Sturtevant et al 2020 ; Jordan et al 2021 ). Viscosities of geologically relevant melts have been measured for understanding the dynamics of the Earth’s interior (Kono 2019 ) (Stagno et al 2020 ) and densities of melts provide essential information on the structures of planetary interiors (Deng et al 2019 ; Mouser et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of HPCAT and capabilities for studying minerals and various other materials at high-pressure conditions

et al. 2022

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High-Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT) is a synchrotron-based facility located at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). With four online experimental stations and various offline capabilities, HPCAT is focused on providing synchrotron x-ray capabilities for high pressure and temperature research and supporting a broad user community. Overall, the array of online/offline capabilities is described, including some of the recent developments for remote user support and the concomitant impact of the current pandemic. General overview of work done at HPCAT and with a focus on some of the minerals relevant work and supporting capabilities is also discussed. With the impending APS-Upgrade (APS-U), there is a considerable effort within HPCAT to improve and add capabilities. These are summarized briefly for each of the end-stations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of HPCAT and capabilities for studying minerals and various other materials at high-pressure conditions

et al. 2022

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“…The true stress was calculated from the measured load using the equation:

where σ n = F/A o is the nominal stress ( F —load, A o —initial cross-section area of the sample), λ = CR= h o /h is the compression ratio ( h o and h = h o − Δ h are the initial and actual height of the specimen, respectively), and ν is the Poisson’s ratio. The value of ν = 0.4 found for HDPE [ 30 ] was taken for calculations of the true stress. This value was verified by comparing the dimensions of the deformed specimens with the initial ones.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Deformation of High Density Polyethylene with Extended-Chain Crystal Morphology

Vozniak

Bartczak

2022

Polymers

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Samples of polyethylene with extended-chain crystal morphology, obtained by crystallization under high pressure, were subjected to uniaxial compression to various strains. Accompanying structural changes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. At the true strain of e = 0.2–0.3 the microbuckling instability was observed in longitudinally loaded lamellae, resulting in the formation of angular kinks. This induced a rapid reorientation of the lamellae, facilitating their further deformation by crystallographic slip. Microbuckling instability was found to occur earlier than in samples with folded-chain crystal morphology (e = 0.3–0.4) due to a smaller ratio of the amorphous to crystalline layer thickness. SEM observations demonstrated that the microbuckling instability begins with small undulation in long lamellae. Sharp angular lamellar kinks develop from the initial undulation through intense plastic deformation by crystallographic slip along the chain direction. The same slip system was found to operate throughout the kink, including the tip region as well as both limbs. In contrast to thin folded-chain lamellae that often undergo fragmentation during deformation, the thick extended-chain lamellae deform stably by chain slip and retain their continuity up to high strains, e > 1.6. This stability of deformation is related to the large thickness of extended-chain lamellae.

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Non‐destructive thickness measurement of optically scattering polymer films using image processing

McAllister,

Green‐Warren,

Arkhipov

et al. 2023

Engineering Reports

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We establish a sample‐ and data‐processing pipeline that allows for high‐throughput optical microscope measurement of porous films, provided they are sufficiently optically scattering. Here, self‐limiting electrospray deposition (SLED) is used to manufacture scattering films of different morphologies. This technique compensates for the scattering of the films through background subtraction of the reflection image with the transmission image. This process is implemented through a combination of an ImageJ and MATLAB data pipeline; the Canny edge‐detector is used as the image‐processing algorithm to identify the boundaries of the film. This process is verified against manually measured images; a comparative study between cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy (where scattering effects are diminished) and optical microscopy also verifies that our optical microscopy technique can be used to consistently, non‐destructively measure film thickness regardless of film morphology. In addition, this technique can be used in combination with dense film measurements to measure film porosity.

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Elastic properties of polyethylene from high pressure sound speed measurements

Cited by 20 publications

References 70 publications

Overview of HPCAT and capabilities for studying minerals and various other materials at high-pressure conditions

Overview of HPCAT and capabilities for studying minerals and various other materials at high-pressure conditions

Plastic Deformation of High Density Polyethylene with Extended-Chain Crystal Morphology

Non‐destructive thickness measurement of optically scattering polymer films using image processing

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