The neutron and proton excitations in 16 C nucleus have been investigated by use of the Coulomb-nuclear interference method applied to the 208 Pb + 16 C inelastic scattering. Angular distribution of the 16 C nuclei in the inelastic channel populating the first 2 + state has been measured. The neutron and proton transition matrix elements, M n and M p , have been determined from the "Coulomb" and "matter" deformation-length parameters obtained by distorted wave calculations. The M p or its corresponding B(E2; 2 + 1 → 0 + ) value was found to be extremely small: 0.28 ± 0.06 Weisskopf units consistent with a recent lifetime measurement. Furthermore, the extracted M n /M p ratio has an unexpectedly large value of 7.6 ± 1.7. These results suggest that the 2 + 1 state in 16 C is a nearly pure valence neutron excitation. 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.