Elastic stiffness of crystalline cellulose in the folded-chain solid state

Gillis, Peter P.; Mark, Richard E.; Tang, R. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00555317

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Ibbett et al pointed out that disorganization of crystals within the fibril (as confirmed by X-ray scattering in our experiments), through disruption, has an increasing effect on its average dimension [47]. In addition, Gillis et al reported that the parallel glucan chain forms the cellulose microfibril via the crystallization through intra- and inter-hydrogen bonding, which gives it its physicochemical properties [51]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Macromolecular Interactions Control Structural and Thermal Properties of Regenerated Tri-Component Blended Films

Lewis

Waters

Stanton

et al. 2016

IJMS

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With a growing need for sustainable resources research has become highly interested in investigating the structure and physical properties of biomaterials composed of natural macromolecules. In this study, we assessed the structural, morphological, and thermal properties of blended, regenerated films comprised of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose (xylan) using the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl). Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray scattering, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to qualitatively and quantitatively measure bonding interactions, morphology, and thermal stability of the regenerated films. The results demonstrated that the regenerated films’ structural, morphological, and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration. The decomposition temperature rose according to an increase in lignin content and the surface topography of the regenerated films changed from fibrous to spherical patterns. This suggests that lignin-xylan concentration alters the self-assembly of lignin and the cellulose microfibril development. X-ray scattering confirms the extent of the morphological and molecular changes. Our data reveals that the inter- and intra-molecular interactions with the cellulose crystalline domains, along with the amount of disorder in the system, control the microfibril dimensional characteristics, lignin self-assembly, and possibly the overall material′s structural and thermal properties.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Macromolecular Interactions Control Structural and Thermal Properties of Regenerated Tri-Component Blended Films

Lewis

Waters

Stanton

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…short, swollen roots and etiolated hypocotyls, cell morphology defects, adult tissues turn into callus, cytokinesis defect C24 (Zuo et al, 2000) acw1 G429R temperature sensitive, short and swollen roots, dwarf plants, cellulose deficiency, altered cellulose bundling Col (Sato et al, 2001) irx2-1 P250L irregular xylem, cellulose deficiency in secondary cell walls, dwarf plants, does not affect primary cell wall synthesis or seedling morphology Ler (Molhoj et al, 2002;Szyjanowicz et al, 2004) irx2-2 P553L Col (Molhoj et al, 2002;Szyjanowicz et al, 2004) rsw2-1, rsw2-2 G429R temperature sensitive, short and swollen roots, cellulose content deficiency, accumulation of readily extracted glucan, dwarf plants and organs, abnormal cell wall morphology, irregular cell shape, Col (Lane et al, 2001) rsw2-3 S183N Col (Lane et al, 2001) rsw2-4 G344R Col (Lane et al, 2001) tsd1 G126E severe allele, extremely short etiolated hypocotyls, early undifferentiated callus formation in light, shoot and root meristem defects, disrupted hormone signaling Col (Frank et al, 2002;Krupkova et al, 2009) lit-1 lions tail short and swollen roots, reduced cell division Col (Hauser et al, 1995) kor1-3 oryzalin hypersensitive, isoxaben hypersensitive, short etiolated hypocotyls and short, swollen roots, cellulose content deficiency, disorganized cortical microtubule array, reduced CSC velocity (Bichet et al, 2001) erh3-1 to erh3-3 missense ectopic root hair formation, short and swollen roots, abnormal root cell organization, differentiation, and specification (Gillis et al, 1969;Webb et al, 2002) lue1 dwarf plants, improper microtubule orientation, inappropriate hormonal responses to gibberellin and ethylene Col (Park et al, 2013) ktn1-1 to ktn1-5 short and swollen roots and etiolated hypocotyls, swollen pavements cells, disorganized microtubules…”

Section: Kor1-2 T-dna In Promotermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through intra-and inter-chain hydrogen bonding, parallel linear glucan chains are crystalized to form cellulose microfibrils, which give cellulose high axial stiffness (Gillis et al, 1969). In higher plants, 3-nm elementary cellulose microfibrils can aggregate into larger size cellulose microfibrils that range from 5-10 nm in width in primary cell walls to 30-50 nm in secondary cell walls (Davies et al, 2003;Zhang, 2013) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose Synthesis and Its Regulation

Bashline

Lei

et al. 2014

The Arabidopsis Book

124

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Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer synthesized on land, is made of linear chains of β (1-4) linked D-glucose. As a major structural component of the cell wall, cellulose is important not only for industrial use but also for plant growth and development. Cellulose microfibrils are tethered by other cell wall polysaccharides such as hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin. In higher plants, cellulose is synthesized by plasma membrane-localized rosette cellulose synthase complexes. Despite the recent advances using a combination of molecular genetics, live cell imaging, and spectroscopic tools, many aspects of the cellulose synthesis remain a mystery. In this chapter, we highlight recent research progress towards understanding the mechanism of cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis.

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“…There is strong evidence that hemicellulose, mostly xyloglucans, bind to the cellulose microfibrils via two different mechanisms: being entwined in the microfibril during crystallization, which occurs immediately after synthesis; and by hydrogen bonding between the glycan chains. [3][4][5] The polysaccharide network in the cell wall helps the plant resist turgor pressure and other deformations.…”

Section: Architecture and Composition Of Plant Cell Wallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5), forming the β-mannosidic linkage is considered one of the biggest challenges in carbohydrate chemistry. Lately, syntheses of -MM-fragments up to dodecamers have been published.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Related to the Cell Walls of Plants and Algae

et al. 2017

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Plant cell walls are composed of an intricate network of polysaccharides and proteins that varies during the developmental stages of the cell. This makes it very challenging to address the functions of individual wall components in cells, especially for highly complex glycans. Fortunately, structurally defined oligosaccharides can be used as models for the glycans, to study processes such as cell wall biosynthesis, polysaccharide deposition, protein-carbohydrate interactions, and cell-cell adhesion. Synthetic chemists have focused on preparing such model compounds, as they can be produced in good quantities and with high purity. This Review contains an overview of those plant and algal polysaccharides that have been elucidated to date. The majority of the content is devoted to detailed summaries of the chemical syntheses of oligosaccharide fragments of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and arabinogalactans, as well as glycans unique to algae. Representative synthetic routes within each class are discussed in detail, and the progress in carbohydrate chemistry over recent decades is highlighted.

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Elastic stiffness of crystalline cellulose in the folded-chain solid state

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Macromolecular Interactions Control Structural and Thermal Properties of Regenerated Tri-Component Blended Films

Macromolecular Interactions Control Structural and Thermal Properties of Regenerated Tri-Component Blended Films

Cellulose Synthesis and Its Regulation

Chemical Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Related to the Cell Walls of Plants and Algae

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