“…In a study on elastoplastic coupling based on Il'iushin's postulate, Dafalias confirmed a theory that the elastic modulus of geotechnical materials varies with the internal variables (Dafalias, 1977a(Dafalias, , 1977b. Moreover, previous studies have also shown that the variation of elastic modulus of brittle rock is closely linked with the confining pressure or minimum principal stress (Brown, Bray, & Santarelli, 1989;Chen, Shao, Zhu, & Duveau, 2012;Lionço & Assis, 2000;Santarelli, Brown, & Maury, 1986;Shao, Bederiat, & Schroeder, 1994;Shao & Henry, 1990, 1991Xie & Shao, 2012;You, 2003). Therefore, the elastic modulus of brittle rocks is obviously dependent on both the plastic deformation and stress, however, very few studies have referred to the elasticity modulus E being effected by both the plastic deformation and stress.…”