Elastomer solubility and stress relaxation in bio-lubricants

Carrell, Julia; Lewis, Roger; Slatter, Tom

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2019.105947

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It depends on the supplier, feed stocks, and production methods, which is line with the microalgae-based oil production challenges. -Guaranty of proper compatibility with machine materials [201][202][203], acceptable thermal oxidation stability and cold weather operation. These properties must be further evaluated and improved for each oil/lubricant meeting with stringent specifications before marketing.…”

Section: Challenges In the Microalgae-to-biolubricant Production And Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae Biomass as a New Potential Source of Sustainable Green Lubricants

et al. 2022

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Lubricants are materials able to reduce friction and/or wear of any type of moving surfaces facilitating smooth operations, maintaining reliable machine functions, and reducing risks of failures while contributing to energy savings. At present, most worldwide used lubricants are derived from crude oil. However, production, usage and disposal of these lubricants have significant impact on environment and health. Hence, there is a growing pressure to reduce demand of this sort of lubricants, which has fostered development and use of green lubricants, as vegetable oil-based lubricants (biolubricants). Despite the ecological benefits of producing/using biolubricants, availability of the required raw materials and agricultural land to create a reliable chain supply is still far from being established. Recently, biomass from some microalgae species has attracted attention due to their capacity to produce high-value lipids/oils for potential lubricants production. Thus, this multidisciplinary work reviews the main chemical-physical characteristics of lubricants and the main attempts and progress on microalgae biomass production for developing oils with pertinent lubricating properties. In addition, potential microalgae strains and chemical modifications to their oils to produce lubricants for different industrial applications are identified. Finally, a guide for microalgae oil selection based on its chemical composition for specific lubricant applications is provided.

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Section: Challenges In the Microalgae-to-biolubricant Production And Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae Biomass as a New Potential Source of Sustainable Green Lubricants

et al. 2022

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“…When a rubber O-ring frequently moves or remains in place for a long time, the friction force on the rubber O-ring might change. The stability of the rubber O-ring's friction force is an important factor that affects the reliability of sealing [11][12][13][14]. However, the adhesive force between two contact surfaces often leads to an increase in the frictional force of rubber seal O-rings after certain dwell times, forming dwell time effects and affecting the reliability of sealing [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experiment on the Dwell Time Effect of Rubber Seal O-Rings: Friction Force in Intermittent Reciprocating Motion

Bai,

Wang,

Yang

2024

Materials

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The adhesive force between two contact surfaces often leads to an increase in the friction force of the rubber seal O-ring after a certain dwell time, forming dwell time effects and affecting the reliability of sealing. The dwell time effect may result in substantial instability with respect to the frictional behavior of rubber O-rings, which needs to be carefully taken into account in the design of rubber seals. Therefore, in this paper, the dwell time effect of the friction force was studied experimentally for intermittent reciprocating rubber seal O-rings coupled with stainless steel 316L and a sealing air medium. The friction force of three kinds of rubber materials, including fluorine rubber (FPM), silicone rubber (SI), and nitrile rubber (NBR), was measured under different dwell times, compression ratios, and seal pressure. The results showed that there was a rolling frictional force, and the second peak value of the frictional force caused by the O-ring's rolling under shear action and after the maximum static frictional force was observed at the starting stage of reciprocating motion. For FPM O-rings, the rolling friction force was much greater than the maximum static frictional force at about four times the value of the compression ratio at 9% and seal pressure at 0; moreover, the force was much greater at greater compression ratios. The dwell time effect was significant in the friction forces of rubber O-rings. The friction force increases with an increase in dwell time. The increase in maximum static friction force exceeded 50% after 5 dwell days. The increase in seal pressure led to the disappearance of the rolling friction feature and the rapid increase in friction during the starting stage. Under gas seal pressure conditions, the dwell time effect still led to a significant increase in friction force. The obtained results might provide guidance for the material selection of sealing designs.

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