“…However, as a substantial international research literature demonstrates, paid domestic and care work in private households is by no means disappearing, but thriving across Europe and globally (see, for example, Anderson, 2000;Cox, 2004;Jokela, 2015; The use of private household services has become an increasingly popular option in the Nordic countries as a means to cover for shortages in eldercare services, to provide 'flexibility' in childcare for dualearner families or as a means to pay for more free time with the family by transferring the burden of domestic work to other people (e.g. Bikova, 2017;Fjell, 2010;Gavanas, 2010Gavanas, , 2013Kristensen, 2016;Näre, 2016;Platzer, 2006). Simultaneously, however, Nordic countries continue to have well-subsidized public provision for childcare, as well as relatively good public options for eldercare.…”