Electoral systems, ethnic diversity and party systems in developing democracies

Lublin, David

doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2016.11.012

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The second main institutional component affecting party system nationalization is the electoral system. The crucial element that relates the electoral system with party system size is district magnitude (Clark and Golder, 2006;Cox, 1997;Duverger, 1954;Lublin, 2016). Small district magnitude reduces the number of parties through the mechanical effect of electoral laws -the translation of votes into numbers of seats that prevents minor parties from achieving representation (Duverger, 1954)-and the psychological effect -parties' and voters' anticipation of the mechanical effect.…”

Section: Argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the empirical findings are, at best, mixed. For instance, district magnitude has been shown to erode nationalization in certain pieces of research (Cox and Knoll, 2003), while in others the opposite direction has been suggested (de Miguel, 2016;Lublin, 2016). Similarly, the effect of the percentage of seats elected in the upper tier is not clear (Simón, 2013), and research addressing the relationship between decentralization and nationalization has found no conclusive evidence in Central and Eastern Europe (Bochsler, 2010b) or in Western Europe (Lago-Peñas and Lago-Peñas, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The short-term and long-term effects of institutional reforms on party system nationalization

Simón

Guinjoan

2017

Comp Eur Polit

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The impact of institutions on party system nationalization has traditionally been examined in a cross-national fashion. However, while in some cases institutional reforms may be expected to immediately affect party nationalization, in others, changes might take place over subsequent elections. In this paper, we argue that reforms affecting mainly elite coordination -such as decentralization-will take a longer time to have an impact on party system nationalization than reforms related to the mechanical effects of electoral laws, i.e. changes in the electoral system. In order to test this argument, we use error-correction models to test the impact of electoral reforms on party system nationalization in democratic elections held in 22 Western and Eastern European countries from 1945 to 2012. In accordance with our arguments, we show that both decentralization and the number of districts elected in the legislative power will have an impact on party system nationalization, but that the impact of the latter will manifest itself earlier.

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Section: Argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The short-term and long-term effects of institutional reforms on party system nationalization

Simón

Guinjoan

2017

Comp Eur Polit

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“…In general, the literature on ethnic voting in Latin America has focused on explaining the emergence of ethnic political parties (Rice & Van Cott, 2006;Van Cott, 2005), the role of indigenous movements in the political systems of the region (Yashar, 2005), the rise of ethnopopulism (Madrid, 2018), and the political representation obtained by indigenous minorities according to different institutional designs (Htun, 2016;Lublin, 2017a;Madrid, 2012). As far as the electoral turnout of indigenous people is concerned and following Martínez i Coma and Nai (2017), comparative studies tend to consider ethnic diversity as a control variable rather than a central variable in explaining electoral turnout.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is the Low Electoral Turnout of Indigenous People a Myth? Evidence from Subnational Elections in Chile, 2012-2017

Quiroga

2020

J Ethn Cult Stud

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Abundant evidence exists of the low electoral turnout of indigenous people. Among the reasons that explain this result are the weakness of political parties in representing indigenous people, the economic circumstances of ethnic minorities, and their experiences of discrimination. In general, these findings are based on analyses of national elections, and it is unclear if they hold equally at the subnational level. This study of the Mapuche ethnic group in Chile analyzed the electoral turnout in Chile’s 345 municipalities for the national elections of 2013 and 2017 and the subnational elections of 2012 and 2016. The study found the following. First, the electoral turnout in municipalities with the highest concentration of Mapuche is above the average for subnational elections and comparable to the average for national elections. Second, the electoral turnout in these municipalities increases in those subnational elections in which candidates with Mapuche surnames compete. Third, the electoral turnout increases even more in those municipalities in which Mapuche mayoral candidates win in subnational elections.

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“…Whereas a first generation of nationalization scholars generally focused on single countries and studied changes in nationalization over time (Stokes, 1967;Rokkan, 1970;Schattschneider, 1960;Claggett et al, 1984), recent scholarship has demonstrated how country-level societal and institutional factors influence variation in nationalization across countries (e.g. Caramani, 2004;Chhibber and Kollman, 2004;Hicken, 2009;Lublin 2017;de Miguel 2017;Hicken and Stoll 2017). Both bodies of literature analyze the factors that influence whether parties can successfully attract support from geographically dispersed constituencies, either by presenting one nationwide programmatic platform supported by similar constituencies across districts or by crafting a multitude of more targeted appeals (Crisp et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial effects and party nationalization: The Geography of partisan support in Mexico

Harbers

2017

Electoral Studies

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Link to publicationCitation for published version (APA): Harbers, I. (2017). Spatial effects and party nationalization: The geography of partisan support in Mexico. Electoral Studies, 47, 55-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2016.11.016 General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. a b s t r a c t Nationalization captures the degree to which parties receive similar vote shares throughout the national territory, and is therefore explicitly interested in spatial aspects of party competition. This paper draws on spatial econometrics to analyze how parties compete across space. On the basis of a geo-referenced dataset of support for three major Mexican parties during the 2012 election, the analysis examines why there are spatial patterns of party support beyond what would be expected on the basis of district composition. The paper shows that spatial context has an independent effect on cross-district party performance, and that party support in one district increases the likelihood of party support nearby, thus highlighting why more explicit attention to space is important to understand the origins of nationalization.

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Electoral systems, ethnic diversity and party systems in developing democracies

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

The short-term and long-term effects of institutional reforms on party system nationalization

The short-term and long-term effects of institutional reforms on party system nationalization

Is the Low Electoral Turnout of Indigenous People a Myth? Evidence from Subnational Elections in Chile, 2012-2017

Spatial effects and party nationalization: The Geography of partisan support in Mexico

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