Electric Countershock and Cold Stress Effects on Liver and Adrenal Gland

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:Cold exposure induces glycogen and lipid depletion in the liver and the adrenal gland, respectively. However, no previous study has determined the effects of electrical countershock on those tissues. We aimed to evaluate the effects of electrical countershock on lipid depletion in the adrenal gland and on glycogen depletion in the liver.METHODS:We used 40 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: the control group, in which the animals were subjected to a resting period of seven days; the electrical discharge group, in which the animals were subjected to a resting period followed by administration of ten 300-mV electrical discharges; the electrical post-discharge group, in which the animals received ten electrical shocks (300 mV) followed by rest for seven consecutive days; and the cold stress group, in which the animals were subjected to a resting period and were then exposed to −8ºC temperatures for four hours. All animals underwent a laparotomy after treatment. The lipid and glycogen depletions are presented using intensity levels (where + = low intensity and ++++ = high intensity, with intermediate levels in between).RESULTS:The rats exposed to the cold stress presented the highest glycogen and lipid depletion in the liver and the adrenal gland, respectively. Furthermore, we noted that the electrical countershock significantly increased lipid depletion in the adrenal gland and glycogen depletion in the liver. One week after the electrical countershock, the liver and adrenal gland profiles were similar to that of the control group.CONCLUSION:Electrical countershock immediately increased the glycogen depletion in the liver and the lipid depletion in the adrenal gland of rats.

Memantine effects on liver and adrenal gland of rats exposed to cold stress

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“…Induced cold state by low temperature exposure is considered as an important stressing physical agent [ 6 ]. Previous studies reported that acute exposure to cold stress besides impair heart tissue [ 7 - 9 ] cause lipid depletion in adrenal gland and glycogen depletion in liver [ 10 ], suggesting that the sympathetic activity and oxidative stress are the source of such fact.…”

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