In the absence of direct evidence of new physics, any ultraviolet theory can be reduced to its specific set of low-energy effective operators. As a case study, we derive the effective field theory for the seesaw extension of the Standard Model, with sterile neutrinos of mass M > m W . We systematically compute all Wilson coefficients generated at one loop. Hence, it becomes straightforward to (i) identify the seesaw parameters compatible with the smallness of neutrino masses; (ii) compute precision lepton observables, which may be sensitive to scales as large as M ∼ 10 3 TeV; and (iii) establish sharp correlations among those observables. We find that the flavour-conserving Wilson coefficients set an upper bound on the flavour-violating ones. The low-energy limits on µ → e and τ → e, µ transitions suppress flavour violation in Z and Higgs decays, as well as electric dipole moments, far beyond the experimental reach. The precision measurements of G F , m W , and Z partial decay widths set more stringent bounds than present and future limits on τ → e, µ transitions. We also present a general spurion analysis, to compare the seesaw with different models, thus assessing the discriminating potential of the effective approach.