“…Optical metasurfaces represent two-dimensional artificial structured patterns comprising subwavelength meta-units with planar and easy integration nature [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. These meta-structures proficiently and precisely manipulate multidimensional parameters of electromagnetic waves, including phase, amplitude, and polarization, enabling the tailored shaping of light waves at the subwavelength scale [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The multifunctional and integrated characteristics of meta-devices [ 29 , 30 ] bring unprecedented convenience to the development of ultra-compact optical systems, such as microfluidic chips [ 31 ], metasurface particle sorting [ 32 ], etc.…”