Electric field-induced direct delivery of proteins by a nanofountain probe

Loh, Owen Y.; Ho, Andrea M.; Rim, Jee E.; Kohli, Punit; Patankar, Neelesh A.; Espinosa, Horacio D.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0806651105

Cited by 49 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…[4, 17-22] To date, only a few examples of nanopatterning multiple proteins have been reported, and the majority among these examples uses destructive strategies, which require multiple cycles to deposit multiple proteins. As such, the throughput is relatively low and cross-contamination between different proteins is of great concern.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Protein Arrays Enabled by Polymer Pen Lithography: Addressing the Inking Challenge

et al. 2009

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confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Protein Arrays Enabled by Polymer Pen Lithography: Addressing the Inking Challenge

et al. 2009

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“…With a structure called the nanofountain AFM probe, Espinoza and co-workers [ 114 ] showed that sub-micrometer features of proteins can be delivered from AFM probes by the application of an electrical potential between the probe reservoir and substrate. An integrated microfl uidic system allows the continuous delivery of materials to the probes.…”

Section: Modifi Cations To the Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printermentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms, Capabilities, and Applications of High‐Resolution Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing

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et al. 2015

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This review gives an overview of techniques used for high-resolution jet printing that rely on electrohydrodynamically induced flows. Such methods enable the direct, additive patterning of materials with a resolution that can extend below 100 nm to provide unique opportunities not only in scientific studies but also in a range of applications that includes printed electronics, tissue engineering, and photonic and plasmonic devices. Following a brief historical perspective, this review presents descriptions of the underlying processes involved in the formation of liquid cones and jets to establish critical factors in the printing process. Different printing systems that share similar principles are then described, along with key advances that have been made in the last decade. Capabilities in terms of printable materials and levels of resolution are reviewed, with a strong emphasis on areas of potential application.

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“…[70][71][72] This approach has demonstrated versatility through the printing of gold colloids, 73 DNA 74 , and proteins. 75 The design has allowed for some unique applications, for example, the injection of single cells with nanoparticles ( Figure 6C). 60 An impressive innovation in recent years has been the advent of lithography using modified scanning ion conductance microscopes.…”

Section: Scanning Probe Lithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

et al. 2015

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The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore unrealised experiments in the response of living cells to tailored nano-environments. We firstly introduce bioelectronics, followed by a survey of different lithography methods and their use to achieve paradigmic bioelectronic architectures. We then focus on dip-pen nanolithography, highlighting the range of bioelectronic materials and biomolecules which can be deposited using the technique, as well as its demonstrated use as a lithography tool in nano-biology. We discuss the progress made towards upscaling the DPN technology towards larger areas, in particular via the polymer pen approach. The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore u...

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Electric field-induced direct delivery of proteins by a nanofountain probe

Cited by 49 publications

References 45 publications

Multiplexed Protein Arrays Enabled by Polymer Pen Lithography: Addressing the Inking Challenge

Multiplexed Protein Arrays Enabled by Polymer Pen Lithography: Addressing the Inking Challenge

Mechanisms, Capabilities, and Applications of High‐Resolution Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing

Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

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