Electric heating using a liquid electrode

Electrolytic plasma processing for plating coatings and treating metals and alloys

“…Pores in the coating are closed and do not affect the subsequent oxidation. Thickness of oxide coatings on the surfaces of compact materials depends on the electric field intensity and can vary from 5 to 1000 μm [75][76][77]. In the course of electrol ysis, oxygen is liberated at the anode and, being acti vated by electric discharges, oxidizes the metal.…”

Influence of residual pressure and ion implantation on the structure, elemental composition, and properties of (TiZrAlYNb)N nitrides

“…In this case, impurity ions are embedded in a surface layer through bombarding the surface by high energy ions [20][21][22][23]. It is therefore of particular interest to study the influence of ion bombardment on the structure and properties of nitride HEAs, since works concerning the influence of ion implantation on the HEA based nanostructured nitride coatings are scarce.…”

Composition, structure and tribotechnical properties of TiN, MoN single-layer and TiN/MoN multilayer coatings

“…For the investigation of mul tilayer coatings and determination of their thickness, we prepared crosscut thin sections. The coatings struc tures and phase compositions were analyzed by X ray diffraction analysis (XRD) in a CuK α radiation (Bruker Advanced 8, DRON 3M) [31,32]. The degree of the texture perfection, Δψ, was defined from the width on a half height of a diffraction line taken at the θ scanning [31][32][33][34][35].…”