“…However, other studies analysing the transport phase of the SFSC find conflicting results. If, on the one hand, the reduction in kilometres travelled, compared to the global supply chain, helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, on the other, the frequency with which farmers participate in farmers' markets can generate a greater carbon footprint (Galati et al, 2021;Giacomarra et al, 2019;Schmit et al, 2017). Indeed, as pointed out by Malak-Rawlikowska et al (2019), conventional agri-food supply chains, even if developed over a long distance, have, per product unit, a lower impact in terms of food miles and carbon footprint than short supply chains.…”