“…The physical properties of niobium pentoxide depend on its morphology and processing parameters and techniques [10,15,16]. Many methods were used for the preparation of niobia such as oxidation of metal in the air, hydrolysation of the alkali niobates, niobium alkoxides [17,18], PLD [19,20], reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering [21], atomic layer deposition [22] and sol-gel [10,23,24].…”