Electrical and thermal characterisation of liquid metal thin-film Ga$$_2$$O$$_3$$–SiO$$_2$$ heterostructures

Petkov, Alexander; Mishra, Abhishek; Cattelan, Mattia; Field, D.; Pomeroy, James W.; Kuball, Martin

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-30638-4

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…For instance, Au films less than 300 nm thick covering copper and bronze statues and jewelry have been found in ancient tombs in the Pyramid of Djoser (Netjerykhet), built by the second King of the Third Dynasty, Old Kingdom (from 2667 to 2648 BC) in Saqqara [3]. Since then, humanity has learned not only how to obtain thin films of metals, metal oxides, various nitrides, carbides, semiconductors, and polymers [4][5][6][7][8], but also to study and control their chemical, optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, which differ considerably from the corresponding bulk materials [9][10][11][12][13]. The film properties can be precisely controlled by changing the thickness, which is a great benefit for thin film technologies and applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry of Thin Films and Nanostructured Materials

Sulka

2023

Molecules

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In the last few decades, the development and use of thin films and nanostructured materials to enhance physical and chemical properties of materials has been common practice in the field of materials science and engineering. The progress which has recently been made in tailoring the unique properties of thin films and nanostructured materials, such as a high surface area to volume ratio, surface charge, structure, anisotropic nature, and tunable functionalities, allow expanding the range of their possible applications from mechanical, structural, and protective coatings to electronics, energy storage systems, sensing, optoelectronics, catalysis, and biomedicine. Recent advances have also focused on the importance of electrochemistry in the fabrication and characterization of functional thin films and nanostructured materials, as well as various systems and devices based on these materials. Both cathodic and anodic processes are being extensively developed in order to elaborate new procedures and possibilities for the synthesis and characterization of thin films and nanostructured materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry of Thin Films and Nanostructured Materials

Sulka

2023

Molecules

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From Droplets to Devices: Recent Advances in Liquid Metal Droplet Enabled Electronics

Babatain,

Kim,

Hussain

2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Liquid metals, particularly non‐toxic gallium‐based alloys, have emerged as promising materials for future soft electronics due to their unique properties, including fluidity, excellent electrical and thermal conductivities, and surface reactivity. They demonstrate adaptability, responsivity, and self‐healing abilities, offering a platform for innovative electronic devices. Embodied in a droplet form factor, gallium‐based liquid metal droplets (LMDs) combine the traits of liquid metals with the advantages of miniaturized structures, including high surface tension, high surface area, high mobility, and surface functionalization. This review discusses the inherent properties of LMDs, which have driven substantial research interest across various fields, such as sensors, robotics, electronic circuits, energy harvesters, drug delivery, and microfluidics systems, among others. Effective fabrication and processing techniques are detailed for LMDs, illustrating their role in applications previously challenging with conventional materials, such as reconfigurable, self‐healing, and transient electronics. Existing challenges and future directions in this growing field are discussed. This extensive review seeks to further the understanding of LMDs and their potential, offering a roadmap for their journey from a niche interest to a key material in various electronic devices.

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Liquid Metal‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells: In Situ Formed Gallium Oxide Interlayer Improves Stability and Efficiency

Kim,

Park

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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In this study, eutectic gallium–indium alloy (EGaIn) liquid metal is used as the rear electrode for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), where the interfacial properties of the device, particularly the beneficial roles of the surface oxide of the liquid metal, are explored. The findings demonstrate that the native oxide of the EGaIn electrode significantly affects the stability of photovoltaic performance and impedance characteristics including series and shunt resistances. Based on the results, the following hypothesis is formulated: the oxide interlayer serves two crucial functions of a barrier against metal diffusion and a tunnel for enhancing charge extraction and transfer. The results of elemental mapping and trap density calculation support the former function of the hypothesis that the oxide film can effectively prevent metal penetration into the perovskite layer. Furthermore, measurements involving capacitance−voltage and time‐resolved photoluminescence confirm that the oxide film on the liquid metal eliminates the interfacial Schottky barrier, promoting efficient charge extraction and transfer processes. Finally, the investigation is extended to develop flexible PSCs using the EGaIn electrode, which consistently exhibits stable performance during repeated bending cycles. Notably, the EGaIn rear electrode can be readily removed and collected through a straightforward acid treatment, offering a promising avenue for efficient cell recycling.

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Electrical and thermal characterisation of liquid metal thin-film Ga$$_2$$O$$_3$$–SiO$$_2$$ heterostructures

Abstract: Heterostructures of Ga$$_2$$ 2 O$$_3$$ 3 with other materials such as Si, SiC or diamond, are a possible way of addressing the low thermal conductivity and lack of p-type doping of Ga$$_2$$ 2 O$$_3$$ … Show more

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Electrochemistry of Thin Films and Nanostructured Materials

Electrochemistry of Thin Films and Nanostructured Materials

From Droplets to Devices: Recent Advances in Liquid Metal Droplet Enabled Electronics

Liquid Metal‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells: In Situ Formed Gallium Oxide Interlayer Improves Stability and Efficiency

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