Electrical characterization of bolus material as phantom for use in electrical impedance and computed tomography fusion imaging

Grewal, Parvind Kaur; Shokoufi, Majid; Liu, Jeff; Krishnan, K. Gopala; Kohli, Kirpal

doi:10.5617/jeb.781

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The detailed electrical impedance system setup is explained by Grewal [32]. The bioimpedance measurements were conducted using a two point measurement technique [33,34] at 50 frequencies in the frequency range of 5 kHz to 1 MHz under incremental compression levels. A one-finger wearable force sensor FingerTPS by Pressure Profile Systems (Pressure Profile Systems Inc., LA, USA) was worn over the examiner's index finger.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compression-dependency of soft tissue bioimpedance for in-vivo and in-vitro tissue testing

Moqadam

Grewal

Shokoufi

et al. 2015

Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance

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The present study determines the effect of compression over bioimpedance of healthy soft tissue (in-vitro and in-vivo). Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a promising tissue characterization and tumor detection technique that uses tissue impedance or admittance to characterize tissue and identify tissue properties as well as cell structure. Variation in EIS measurements while applying pressure suggests that compression tends to affect soft tissue bioimpedance. Moreover, the displacements in tissue caused by applied compression may provide useful information about the structure and state of the tissue. Thus combining the changes to the electrical properties of tissue resulted by applied compression, with the changes in tissue displacements caused by applied compression, and consequently measuring the effect that electrical and mechanical properties have on each other, can be useful to identify tissue structure. In this study, multifrequency bioimpedance measurements were performed on in-vitro and invivo soft tissue at different pressure levels. Increasing compression on the in-vitro tissue results in an increase in both extracellular resistance and membrane capacitance while it causes a reduction in the intracellular resistance. However, as the compression over the in-vivo samples increases, the intracellular and extracellular resistance increase and the membrane capacitance decreases. The in-vivo measurements on human body are also tested on contralateral tissue sites and similar tissue impedance variation trends are observed in the contra-lateral sites of human body. The evidence from these tests suggests the possibility of using this EIS-Pressure combined measurement method to improve tumor detection in soft tissue. Based upon the observations, the authors envision developing an advanced model based upon the Cole model, which is dependent on tissue displacements.

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Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compression-dependency of soft tissue bioimpedance for in-vivo and in-vitro tissue testing

Moqadam

Grewal

Shokoufi

et al. 2015

Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance

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“…The second group of materials used for mimicking skin electrical properties contains mainly gels based on, for example, gelatin or other natural polymers. − Gelatin-based skin models comprise the most widely used group of artificial models applied to electrophysiological measurements. Typically, an aqueous solution of gelatin is made at an elevated temperature (around 50–70 °C) with a certain concentration of gelatin and then cooled to form a gel-like material.…”

Section: Artificial Skin Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin and Artificial Skin Models in Electrical Sensing Applications

Ehtiati,

Eiler,

Bochynska

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Skin electrical properties play a significant role in recording biopotentials by using electrophysiological sensors. To test and evaluate sensor systems, it is commonly accepted to employ artificial skin models due to complications associated with testing on living tissues. The first goal of this Review is to provide a systematic understanding of the relation between skin structure and skin electrochemical behavior at an appropriate depth for electrophysiological sensing applications through a focus on skin structure, electrochemical properties of skin, and theoretical models (equivalent circuits) representing skin electrochemical behavior. The second goal is to review artificial skin models mimicking the electrochemical properties of skin and to give suggestions for future studies on relevant skin models based on a comparison between the behavior of skin and that of artificial skin models. The Review aims to help the reader to analyze the relation between the structure, elements of the equivalent circuits, and the resulting impedance data for both skin and artificial skin models.

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“…The characterization of the permittivity, dielectric loss and dielectric module of gelatin in the frequency range of 10 mHz and 1 MHz was also performed [13]. The resistivity of a 25% concentrated gelatin was also measured in frequencies in the range of 10 kHz and 50 MHz [14]. And recently, a preliminary study on gelatin's electrical characteristics and its similarity to skin was presented [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gelatin: a skin phantom for bioimpedance spectroscopy

Pinto¹,

Bertemes-Filho²,

Paterno³

2015

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Phantoms mimic the properties of tissues, like skin. The electrical response of a skin phantom should be similar to the electrical response of an in vivo skin tissue. In this work the electrical characterization of gelatin based skin phantoms and of different skin sites are presented. The bioimpedance measurements of the gelatin based phantoms are compared with in vivo skin measurements, demonstrating that gelatin has potential as the basis material for the fabrication of low-cost skin phantoms for bioimpedance spectroscopy.

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Electrical characterization of bolus material as phantom for use in electrical impedance and computed tomography fusion imaging

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Compression-dependency of soft tissue bioimpedance for in-vivo and in-vitro tissue testing

Compression-dependency of soft tissue bioimpedance for in-vivo and in-vitro tissue testing

Skin and Artificial Skin Models in Electrical Sensing Applications

Gelatin: a skin phantom for bioimpedance spectroscopy

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