Electrical conductivity measurements on olivines and pyroxenes under defined thermodynamic activities as a function of temperature and pressure

Laboratory electrical conductivity measurements on mantle relevant minerals

“…Electrical conductivity measurements on synthetic as well as on natural olivines and pyroxenes have been reported repeatedly, for ambient as well as for high pressure conditions (Bradley et al, 1964;Akimoto and Fujisawa, 1965;Hamilton, 1965 ;PluschkeU and Engell, 1968;Schult and Schober, 1969;Mao and Bell, 1972;Dvofgk and Schloessin, 1973;Bradley et al, 1973;Sockel, 1974;Schock et al, 1977;Will et al, 1979;Voigt etal., 1979;Cemigetal., 1980;Hinze etal., 1979Hinze etal., , 1981. Electrical conductivity measurements on synthetic as well as on natural olivines and pyroxenes have been reported repeatedly, for ambient as well as for high pressure conditions (Bradley et al, 1964;Akimoto and Fujisawa, 1965;Hamilton, 1965 ;PluschkeU and Engell, 1968;Schult and Schober, 1969;Mao and Bell, 1972;Dvofgk and Schloessin, 1973;Bradley et al, 1973;Sockel, 1974;Schock et al, 1977;Will et al, 1979;Voigt etal., 1979;Cemigetal., 1980;Hinze etal., 1979Hinze etal., , 1981.…”

Porosity, electrical conductivity and permeability of rocks from the Deep Drilling Urach 3 and the Hot Dry Rock project of Falkenberg (West Germany)

“…The measurement of the electrical conductivity on rocks is a continuation of our earlier measurements on minerals as a function of pressure P, temperature T and oxygen fugacity fO2 (WILL et al, 1979 and1982 ii) perpendicular to the uniaxial load we can supply, the so-called mantle pressure Pm, which is brought onto the samples by a two-stage gas compressor (N2); and additional iii) a spindel press allows us to fill up the pore space of the sample with an electrolyte or enforces the electrolyte flowing through the sample. We are able to increase the electrolyte measure the electrical conductivity of rocks at well defined pressures Pel on the porefluids in the rocks.…”

In-situ control of oxygen fugacity for laboratory measurements of electrical conductivity of minerals and rocks in a multi-anvil press

“…Furthermore, we have already succeeded in carrying out in-situ measurements of the electrical conductivities of single crystal olivine, single crystal pyroxene, pyrope garnet, peridotite, pyroxenite, lherzolite and wadsleyite, which are dominant and abundant minerals and rocks in the upper mantle and transition zone. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]24,25] Will and his collaborators [26] succeeded in measuring the electrical conductivities of synthetic Ni 2 SiO 4 , Fe 2 SiO 4 and MgSiO 3 , where the the single frequency AC method was adopted (V = 5.4 × 10 −3 V-5.4 V and 1.6 kHz) under the conditions of 2.0 GPa, 613 K-1373 K and two solid oxy-gen buffers of FQM (Fayalite+Quartz+Magnetite)-FQI (Fayalite+Quartz+Iron). Xu et al [27] used the AC impedance spectroscopic method and the Mo-MoO 2 single solid buffer controlling oxygen fugacity to successfully obtain the electrical conductivities of olivine and its high-pressure polymorph, it is the first time that we have adopted the different solid buffers to realize the different oxygen fugacities during the measurements of grain interior and grain boundary electrical properties of minerals and rocks at high temperature and high pressure.…”